About Structure of Commercial Banks in India Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) Non-Scheduled Commercial Banks (NSCBs) Types of Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) Majority Shareholder(s) Example(s) Public Sector Banks (PSBs) Government of India SBI, PNB, Canara Bank, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, etc. Private Sector Banks Private Individuals ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Yes Bank etc. Foreign Banks Foreign Entities Standard Chartered Bank, Citi Bank, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, BNP Paribas, etc. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Central Government, Concerned State Government, and Sponsor Bank in the ratio of 50:15:35 Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vikas Bank, Uttranchal Gramin Bank, Prathama Bank, etc. Public Sector Banks (PSBs) List of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) or Nationalized Banks in India: Private Sector Banks Foreign Banks Regional Rural Banks Importance of Commercial Banks in India
National Institute of Disaster Management
World Health Organisation (WHO)
WHO and its Objectives World Health Organization (WHO) was established in the year 1948, which is a specialised agency of the United Nations that connects different nations, partners and peoples for promoting health, keep the world safe and serve to the vulnerable so everyone, everywhere can attain the highest level of health. Objectives of WHO Governance Structure and Functioning of WHO Governance structure of the WHO is designed to support the implementation of its mandate and the achievement of its objectives. It includes: Role of WHO in Global Health Governance Key roles of the World Health Organization in global health governance: WHO contribution towards improving Global Health The WHO has significantly contributed to improving global health over the past several decades. Some of its notable achievements includes: Areas of work under India-WHO Partnership Challenges Faced by WHO Steps to make WHO more effective
ESI and FM Syllabus for RBI Grade A 2025
ESI ( Economic and Social Issues ) and FM is two of the 3 papers of the phase 2 exam of RBI Grade B examination. Understanding the ESI and FM syllabus for RBI Grade A is very important to know the topics which are asked in the examination and it will also help you in categorizing as per their importance for the exam. Below, we have mentioned the ESI syllabus for RBI Grade A exam along with the important topics: ESI Syllabus for RBI Grade A Here is the detailed syllabus of RBI Grade A : Syllabus: FM Syllabus for RBI Grade A Here is the detailed syllabus of RBI Grade A : You can also download the RBI Grade A Syllabus from the link provided below: Click the link to download the detailed syllabus from the link provided : https://c4scourses.in/rbi-grade-b/rbi-grade-a-2025-syllabus/
World Bank Group
World Bank Group (WBG) is one of the most remarkable financial institutions globally. Since the day it is established, it has been playing a crucial role in poverty alleviation and sustainable development across the world. This article aiming to give you the detailed information about the World Bank Group (WBG), its objectives, functions, governance structure, and reforms needed in the same. About World Bank What are Bretton Woods Institutions? What is World Bank Group (WBG)? Each of the institutions has been dealt in details in the sections below. Goals of World Bank Group (WBG) Basically WBG has set of two goals for the world to be achieved by the year 2030 which are as follows: India and World Bank Read our detailed article on the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Important Reports Published by World Bank Some important reports published by the World Bank Group (WBG) institutions are discussed below: World Development Report Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) Need for Reforms in World Bank Suggested World Bank Reforms World Bank Vs IMF Attributes World Bank International Monetary Fund Ownership and Governance By appointees of member nations. By appointees of member countries. Main Objective Broadening and Strengthening the economies of member nations. Broadening and Strengthening the economies of member nations. Headquarter Washington D.C. Washington D.C. Functions Promote economic and social progress in developing and poorer countries by helping to raise productivity and providing loans at a very concessional rate. Exchange rate stability, provide financial resources to solve the problem of balance of payment, and promote international Monetary cooperation. Assistance Both to the government and private sector of the member nation. Only to the government of the member nations. Association and Size The World Bank Group (WBG) consists of five institutes associated with it and therefore has a larger size comparatively than the IMF IMF has no associated institutes and hence has a smaller staff. Source of Funding A kind of Investment fund where it borrows from one and lends to the other. It also borrows money by selling notes and bonds directly to their member nation’s government, their agencies, and central banks which they lend to other poorer and developing countries. It is more like a credit union wherein members have access to a common pool of resources and these resources come from quota subscriptions and contributions from each member according to the size of its economy. Recipient of Funding Only to the developing and poorer nations and at a very minimal interest rate. It lends to even the private sector where it feels that assisting them would help improve the living condition of the people. Both the wealthy as well as poor nations who experiences a shortage of foreign exchanges or are facing Balance of Payments Crisis. Conclusion: World Bank Group (WBG) has a crucial role in global economic development and poverty reduction. As the world faces complex economic challenges, the Bank’s role in promoting growth and stability remains ever more important. Necessary reforms should be made in the institution in order to make the World Bank Group (WBG) more efficient and relevant to the current world economic order.
Basic Concepts of Inflation
BASICS Inflation measures how much more expensive a set of goods and services has become over a certain period, usually a year. “It may be one of the most familiar words in economics. Inflation has plunged countries into long periods of instability. Central bankers often aspire to be known as “inflation hawks.” Politicians have won elections with promises to combat inflation, only to lose power after failing to do so. Inflation was even declared Public Enemy No. 1 in the United States.” by President Gerald Ford in 1974 What, then, is inflation, and why is it so important? MEASURING INFLATION What creates inflation ? How inflation is dealt with ? The more credibility central banks have, the greater the influence of their pronouncements on inflation expectations.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a key institution in the global financial system. It play a very important role in stabilizing the international monetary affairs and also facilitates the global economic growth. This article by C4S is aiming to the in detailed information’s about the IMF, its objective, functions, governance structure and other related concepts of IMF Quota, SDRs and more. What is International Monetary Fund (IMF)? Bretton Woods Institutions Objectives of IMF Functions of IMF Governance Structure of IMF Board of Governors Ministerial Commitees Executive Board Managing Director IMF Quota Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) Major Reports Published by IMF World Economic Outlook Global Financial Stability Report Fiscal Monitor India and IMF Conclusion International Monetary Fund (IMF) has a crucial role in maintaining global financial stability and promoting economic growth. As the world faces complex economic challenges, the IMF’s role in promoting stability, growth, and international cooperation remains ever more important. Necessary reforms should be made in the institution in order to make it more efficient and relevant to the current world economic order.
Election Commission of India
Why in News? What is the Election Commission of India ? About: Constitutional Provisions: Structure of ECI: Appointment & Tenure of Commissioners: Removal: Limitations:
RBI and its Functions
The Reserve Bank of India is India’s central bank and regulatory body responsible for regulation of the Indian banking system. Owned by the Ministry of Finance of the Government of India, it is responsible for the control, issue and maintaining supply of the Indian rupee. It also manages the country’s main payment systems and works to promote its economic development. What Are the Primary Objectives of the RBI as Outlined in the Reserve Bank of India Act of 1934? The primary objectives of the RBI, as outlined in the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, include regulating the issuance of banknotes, maintaining monetary stability, operating the currency and credit system to the country’s advantage, and fostering economic growth. The Reserve Bank of India is the central banking institution in India responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy, regulating and supervising the banking and financial system, and managing the issuance and circulation of currency. It plays a crucial role in maintaining financial stability not just for the country for the broader, global economy. MONETORY POLICY OF RBI It is the process by which the monetory authority of a country, generally central bank controls the supply of money in the economy. The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 (RBI Act) was amended by the Finance Act, 2016, to provide a statutory and institutionalised framework for a Monetary Policy Committee, for maintaining price stability, while keeping in mind the objective of growth. The Monetary Policy Committee is entrusted with the task of fixing the benchmark policy rate (repo rate) required to maintain inflation within the specified target level. As per the provisions of the RBI Act, three of the six Members of the Monetary Policy Committee will be from the RBI and the other three Members will be appointed by the Central Government. Section 45ZB of the amended RBI Act, 1934 provides for an empowered six-member monetary policy committee (MPC) to be constituted by the Central Government by notification in the Official Gazette. The first such MPC was constituted on September 29, 2016. The present MPC members, as notified by the Central Government in the Official Gazette of October 5, 2020, are as under: REPO RATE A repurchase agreement, also known as a repo, RP, or sale and repurchase agreement, is a form of short-term borrowing, mainly in government securities. The dealer sells the underlying security to investors and, by agreement between the two parties, buys them back shortly afterwards, usually the following day, at a slightly higher price.
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a global organization which plays a crucial role in safeguarding the natural world. The work of IUCN basically protects the biodiversity, and also promotes sustainable development to protect our planet. This article is basically aiming to provide you a detailed overview of of IUCN, its objectives, functions, key initiatives, and other related aspects. About International Union for Conservation of Nature Objectives & Functions of International Union for Conservation of Nature Key Programs of IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Objectives of IUCN Red List IUCN Red List Criteria for Classification Classification of Threatened Species under IUCN Red List The IUCN Red List categorises species into the following nine categories: IUCN: Nature 2030 India and International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN Programmes in India Building Community Resilience and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Climate Change in the Indian Himalayan Region (CwU) Forest Ecosystem Rehabilitation for Integrated Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies This project will focus on two strategies: IUCN and TATA Power Partnership Leaders for Nature India (LfN) IUCN Himalayan Adaptation Network Conclusion The International Union for Conservation of Nature remains a cornerstone in global conservation efforts, driving progress towards the protection of biodiversity and the sustainable use of natural resources. Through its comprehensive initiatives, scientific expertise, and influential role in international policy, the International Union for Conservation of Nature continues to play a crucial role in addressing the environmental challenges of the 21st century.
