Clarity 4 Sure · Revision Sheet
October 2026 — exam-ready facts
149 items from 6 days · NABARD Grade A · RBI Grade B · SEBI Grade A
Names, numbers and tables only — the narrative is stripped out. Prints two columns to a page. For the full write-up of any item, open the full version.
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NABARD Grade A 2026: what the 2025 cut-offs changed, and the 60-day plan
8 of the top 10 in NABARD Grade A 2025, Rank 1 included, and Rank 1 back to back before that in 2021 and 2022: all prepared with C4S. The 2025 cycle was the toughest on record at every stage. This session reads those numbers properly and turns them into a 60-day, week-by-week plan for Phase I.
In 3 days · Sun, 11 Oct at 7:30 PM IST · 75 minutes · free
The month in numbers
October 2026 at a glance
6 daily compilations, 149 items across 12 topics — Misc GA weighed the most. Read the charts first: they tell you where this month's questions will come from.
6 daily compilations | 149 items covered | 12 topics | 3 data tables |
Items by topic | Items per day Darker = a heavier day. Two-day posts are split across their days. |
Where the items sat
NABARD-specific 24 (16%)RBI-specific 18 (12%)Common to both 107 (72%)
Most mentioned this month
How many items each name appeared in. Know these cold.
Asian Games 7New Delhi 6Key Highlights What 6RBI 5HAL 3IISc Bengaluru 3South Korea 3Tamil Nadu 3General Assembly 3WHO 3Indian Navy 3CEO 3UNGA Resolution 3News India 3
By the numbers
₹4,500 crore Launched in April 2015 with an outlay of ₹4,500 crore India's Rising Supercomputing Ecosystem · 7 October 2026 | ₹5,000 crore The PRIP Scheme was launched in 2023 with an outlay of ₹5,000 crore to strengthen pharmaceutical research and innovat… New Discovery Track Under PRIP Scheme · 4 & 5 October 2026 |
₹767 crore The Union Environment Minister launched implementation guidelines for the National Coastal Mission 2.0 (NCM 2.0) — a … National Coastal Mission 2.0 · 2 October 2026 | 87% The 2026 southwest monsoon ended with rainfall at 87% of the Long Period Average (LPA). Southwest Monsoon 2026 Ends with 13% Rainfall Deficit · 1 October 2026 |
17.9% Cybercrime increased sharply: Cybercrime cases rose 17.9%, from 86,420 in 2023 to 1,01,928 in 2024, while overall reg… Status of Policing in India Report (SPIR) 2026 · 1 October 2026 | 41.7 per cent Female LFPR: 41.7 per cent (2023-24) on usual status; agriculture absorbs the largest share India's First Female Farmer Worker Conference · 3 October 2026 |
74% The report found that around 74% of Indian entrepreneurs surveyed planned to relocate or secure overseas residency. HSBC Global Entrepreneurial Wealth Report 2026 · 3 October 2026 | 7.3% The Ministry of Finance projected India’s real GDP growth at 7.3% in Q2 FY27. India’s GDP Growth Projected at 7.3% in Q2 FY27 · 4 & 5 October 2026 |
12.08% Total emoluments increased by 12.08% during 2024–25. Annual Survey of Industries 2024–25 · 6 October 2026 | 26.59 lakh About 26.59 lakh electric vehicles (EVs) were sold under the scheme as of June 2026. PM E-DRIVE Scheme Completes Two Years · 7 October 2026 |
₹50 The ₹50-crore, four-year project uses glass-ceramic technology and nanocrystals. DRDO–CSIR-CGCRI Indigenous Bulletproof Glass · 2 October 2026 | ₹60,000 crore It has an outlay of ₹60,000 crore for five years: ₹30,000 crore Centre, ₹20,000 crore States and ₹10,000 crore industry. PM-SETU Completes One Year · 6 October 2026 |
1
Cover the right column
Read only the topic name and try to recall the facts before you look.
2
Mark what you missed
Anything you could not recall is what the exam will find first.
3
Write one answer
Pick one topic and write 150 words on it. That is what converts marks.
Scheme to knowAyushman Bharat: Ayushman Arogya Mandirs and PM-JAY Explained – Rs 5 Lakh Cover, 70+ Senior Citizens, Achievements and FactsAyushman Bharat is India's flagship health programme, launched in 2018 on the recommendations of the National Health…
Free sheet · Static GKCountries & Their Leaders 2026Who leads which country in 2026, with all 17 changes marked. Get the article and the PDF free on WhatsApp.Get it free on WhatsApp →Agriculture · 6
Southwest Monsoon 2026 Ends with 13% Rainfall Deficit
- The 2026 southwest monsoon ended with rainfall at 87% of the Long Period Average (LPA).
- The 13% deficit was the largest in more than a decade, according to the India Meteorological Department (IMD).
- India received about 759.4 mm of rainfall against the LPA of 868.6 mm.
- A strong El Niño in the Pacific was one of the factors associated with the deficient monsoon.
Annual Survey of Industries 2024–25
- The Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2024–25, released by MoSPI, reported 2.7 lakh factories and 1.67 crore workers.
- The average wage per factory worker increased 5.3% to ₹2.28 lakh.
- Jharkhand recorded a 5.2% fall in average wages, although its average wage of ₹3.04 lakh remained above the national average.
- Bihar recorded a 16.7% increase in average wages to ₹1.63 lakh.
Zuppa–TNUAVC Drone Training Programme
- Zuppa plans to train and certify over 2,000 personnel in three years.
- The programme will train Agniveers and defence personnel in UAV operations.
- Training will cover drone flying, simulation, maintenance, safety, mission planning and DGCA regulations.
MoTA–IGNCA MoU on Tribal Heritage
- The Ministry of Tribal Affairs and IGNCA signed an MoU to preserve and promote India's tribal cultural heritage.
- It covers tribal languages, traditions, art, folklore and freedom-struggle contributions.
Tiger Reintroduction at Buxa Tiger Reserve
- A three-year-old tigress (T138) was released into Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, starting a phased tiger reintroduction programme.
- Three more tigers are planned to be released over the next two months.
ICAR–FCI MoU on Alternative Fumigation Technologies
- Phase-I has an approved outlay of ₹3.28 crore and will be implemented by ICAR-CIPHET.
Test yourself · Agriculture
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The ________ ended with rainfall at 87% of the Long Period Average (LPA).
2026 southwest monsoon Southwest Monsoon 2026 Ends with 13% Ra… · 1 October 2026
2. The Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2024–25, released by MoSPI, reported ________ and 1.67 crore workers.
2.7 lakh factories Annual Survey of Industries 2024–25 · 1 October 2026
3. Phase-I has an approved outlay of ________ and will be implemented by ICAR-CIPHET.
₹3.28 crore ICAR–FCI MoU on Alternative Fumigation … · 4 & 5 October 2026
4. The ________ and IGNCA signed an MoU to preserve and promote India's tribal cultural heritage.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs MoTA–IGNCA MoU on Tribal Heritage · 3 October 2026
5. A ________ was released into Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, starting a phased tiger reintroduction programme.
three-year-old tigress (T138) Tiger Reintroduction at Buxa Tiger Rese… · 4 & 5 October 2026
Results that speak
8 of the top 10 ranks in NABARD Grade A 2025 came from one classroom
Ranks 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 on the final list, and 32 selections in all, prepared with C4S Courses (Clarity 4 Sure). The same descriptive training and the same current affairs notes you are reading now.
- 1Suraj Ravindra JatkarRank 1
- 2Lokesh Ram ChandranRank 2
- 3Vivek GhadgeRank 3
- 5Kapil PatlyaRank 5
- 6Mohit SoniRank 6
- 7Siddhant KesharwaniRank 7
- 8Nithin ChackoRank 8
- 9Lalit KumarRank 9
Banking and Finance · 17
SEBI Approves Reforms for Portfolio Management Services
- PMS can also invest up to 10% of client AUM in investment-grade unlisted debt, subject to conditions and client consent.
- PMS providers will be allowed to invest client funds in direct mutual fund schemes and Specialised Investment Funds (SIFs) under the proposed framework.
India’s Net FDI Rises to Five-Year High
- India's net FDI increased to US$7.35 billion in July 2026, the highest since May 2021.
- During April–July 2026, net FDI reached US$13.4 billion, compared with US$9.7 billion a year earlier.
- Gross FDI inflows stood at US$14.58 billion during July.
- Major sectors receiving equity inflows included communication, financial services and computer services.
India’s First Blue Bond by SMFCL
- It aims to raise ₹600 crore, with a ₹500 crore green-shoe option.
- Sagarmala Finance Corporation Ltd. (SMFCL) launched India's first blue bond.
- The 10-year bond will support maritime lending, greenfield ports and coastal road projects.
IndusInd Bank Launches GCC Banking Vertical
- India's GCC ecosystem has grown significantly, with 2,117 GCCs reported in the supplied data.
- IndusInd Bank launched a dedicated Global Capability Centre (GCC) Banking vertical.
JNPA–IFC Blue Financing for Shore Power
- The financing is worth USD 70 million (about ₹672 crore) through a 10-year ECB loan.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority partnered with IFC for India’s first blue financing for shore power infrastructure.
Apple Pay Launched in India
- The initial rollout covers sectors such as food and beverages, travel, fashion and lifestyle.
- Apple Pay was launched in India with Axis Bank-issued Visa and Mastercard credit cards.
Bank of India Launches Programmable CBDC
- Users can schedule recurring Digital Rupee (e₹) payments with fixed amounts and frequencies.
- Users can also specify the purpose for which the recipient can use the funds.
- Bank of India launched user-level programmable CBDC with auto-issuance.
Small Savings Scheme Interest Rates Unchanged
- The Ministry of Finance kept Small Savings Scheme (SSS) interest rates unchanged for Q3 FY27 (October–December 2026).
- Rates have now remained unchanged for 14 consecutive quarters.
- The last revision was made in Q4 FY24.
ICICI Lombard Launches VIBE Health Insurance
- ICICI Lombard launched VIBE, a health insurance product aimed at Gen Z customers aged 18–35 years.
- It offers six variants, with coverage from ₹7 lakh to ₹1 crore.
Pramerica Life Launches Poorna Rakshak
- It offers five variants based on different financial and income needs.
- Variants include Smart Scholars, Early Income, Income Booster, Smart Money Back and Smart Saver.
Jio Financial Services–Allianz Capital Infusion
- Jio Financial Services and Allianz Europe invested a combined ₹640.10 crore in their 50:50 Jio Allianz General Insurance joint venture.
- Each partner invested ₹320.05 crore through a rights issue.
NPS Swasthya
- NPS Swasthya launched 1 October 2026 (NPS Diwas) by PFRDA; first offered by Axis Pension Fund
- Sum insured: ₹1 lakh to ₹30 lakh
- Sum insured ₹1 lakh to ₹30 lakh; family floater excluding parents; 12-month pre-existing disease waiting period; renewal only to age 85
- Withdrawal: up to 25 per cent of own contributions, no waiting period or frequency limit
Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 Comes into Force
- The Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 came into force on 1 October 2026.
- It replaces the Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 1891.
- It received Presidential assent on 13 August 2026.
Bank of Baroda Becomes Second PSU Bank Sponsor of Pension Fund
- SBI was the first PSU bank to enter the pension fund segment in 2008.
- BoB has an 80.10% stake in its pension fund subsidiary, while Baroda BNP Asset Management Company holds 19.90%.
- Bank of Baroda (BoB) received PFRDA approval to become a Pension Fund Sponsor through its subsidiary BoB Pension Fund Management Company.
HDFC Bank Appoints Anup Bagchi as MD & CEO
- He has more than 30 years of experience in banking and financial services.
- Anup Bagchi was appointed MD & CEO of HDFC Bank for three years, subject to RBI approval.
- He becomes the first external candidate to lead HDFC Bank.
- He previously served as MD & CEO of ICICI Prudential Life Insurance and held senior positions at ICICI Bank and ICICI Securities.
NABKISAN Lists India’s First WASH-Focused Social Bond
- It raised ₹180 crore through a 5-year bond carrying an 8.10% coupon.
- The bond was 1.8 times oversubscribed and received CRISIL AAA (Stable) and CARE AAA (Stable) ratings.
- NABKISAN Finance Ltd, a subsidiary of NABARD, listed India’s first WASH-focused Social Bond on the NSE.
- Funds will support Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) projects for rural and underserved communities.
RBI Grants CIC Registration to Indiabulls
- Generally, at least 90% of net assets of a CIC must be in group-company investments/loans, with at least 60% in equity investments.
Test yourself · Banking and Finance
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The ________ came into force on 1 October 2026.
Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 Comes… · 4 & 5 October 2026
2. ________ was the first PSU bank to enter the pension fund segment in 2008.
SBI Bank of Baroda Becomes Second PSU Bank … · 4 & 5 October 2026
3. India's data covers ________, though presented in the WHO's 2025 table
April 2025 to March 2026 Rising Child Leprosy Cases Challenge In… · 4 & 5 October 2026
4. Came into effect on ________, replacing the WTO-disputed Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS)
1 January 2021 RoDTEP Scheme Extended to 31 December 2… · 4 & 5 October 2026
5. It aims to raise ________, with a ₹500 crore green-shoe option.
₹600 crore India’s First Blue Bond by SMFCL · 1 October 2026
Reports / Articles · 2
Status of Policing in India Report (SPIR) 2026
- Cybercrime increased sharply: Cybercrime cases rose 17.9%, from 86,420 in 2023 to 1,01,928 in 2024, while overall registered crime fell by about 6%.
- High exposure to scams: 33% received calls about unordered deliveries. 31% encountered high-return investment scams. 27% received calls from fake bank officials seeking account details.
- 27% received calls from fake bank officials seeking account details.
- I4C: Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre, under the Ministry of Home Affairs, which coordinates India's cybercrime response.
The Ageing World and India's Narrowing Window
- Global ageing: Over 70% of the world’s population lives in countries with fertility at or below replacement level. Global fertility fell from 4.9 (1950) to about 2.2.
- India’s ageing: India entered the “ageing” category around 2024, with 65+ population crossing 7%. It may become “aged” (14%) by 2049 and “super-aged” (21%) by 2065.
- Demographic dividend: About 68% of Indians were aged 15–64 in 2025, but the working-age share is expected to decline after 2030.
- Women’s employment: Female labour-force participation is around 32%. Raising it to 50% could add about 1 percentage point annually to GDP growth, according to the World Bank estimate cited.
Economy · 14
US State Department Report on India’s Investment Climate
- The report noted that India permits 100% FDI in many sectors, while some sectors still require government approval.
- A US Department of State report assessed India's investment environment and highlighted issues related to foreign-investment restrictions and regulatory practices.
- These are claims and assessments of the US report, rather than an independent conclusion.
CAFE-III Norms for Passenger Vehicles
- The norms will apply from 1 April 2027 to 31 March 2032.
Green Energy Corridor Phase III Approved
- The Union Cabinet approved Green Energy Corridor Phase III with an outlay of over ₹1.86 lakh crore.
- Around ₹1.36 lakh crore is allocated for intra-state transmission systems.
- A dedicated ₹50,000 crore component will support 50 GWh of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS).
- It aims to integrate up to 135 GW of renewable energy into the electricity grid by FY2032–33.
India Participates in ASEAN-India Economic Ministers’ Meeting
- India participated in the 23rd ASEAN-India Economic Ministers Consultation and the 14th East Asia Summit–Economic Ministers’ Meeting in Manila.
- India-ASEAN trade reached US$128.38 billion in 2025–26.
- Discussions covered trade, investment, energy security, industrial clusters and regional economic cooperation.
HAL–SkyPulse ₹2,491 Crore Helicopter Programme
- The programme covers 30 HAL-manufactured helicopters, with 10 planned during 2027–29 and 20 from 2030 onwards.
- HAL and SkyPulse Solutions IFSC signed an MoU for a proposed ₹2,491 crore helicopter programme.
- The programme also covers leasing, financing, MRO, training and engineering support.
India International Water Week 2026
- India International Water Week 2026 was held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, from 22–26 September.
- Participants from around 150 countries discussed sustainable and technology-driven water management.
- The event also promoted South-South cooperation and progress towards SDG 6 – Clean Water and Sanitation.
Delhi ITMS Project Approved
- The Cabinet approved the Intelligent Traffic Management System (ITMS) for Delhi at an estimated cost of ₹1,789.52 crore.
- The project will cover 42 traffic corridors.
- It will be implemented in three phases over 24 months, followed by five years of operation and maintenance.
Green Energy Corridor Phase-III Approved
- It will facilitate the evacuation of up to 135 GW of renewable energy.
India Energy Week 2027 to Be Held in Kolkata
- India Energy Week 2027 will be held in Kolkata from 28–31 January 2027.
- It will be the first India Energy Week hosted in eastern India.
Minimum Support Prices for Rabi Crops 2027–28
- Wheat MSP was increased by ₹25 to ₹2,610 per quintal.
- The CCEA approved higher MSPs for all mandated Rabi crops for the 2027–28 Marketing Season.
- The increase aims to provide remunerative prices to farmers and encourage production of key Rabi crops.
India’s GDP Growth Projected at 7.3% in Q2 FY27
- The Ministry of Finance projected India’s real GDP growth at 7.3% in Q2 FY27.
- India recorded 7.8% growth in Q1 FY27.
- Total exports were nearly US$400 billion during the first five months of FY27, keeping India on track for strong annual exports.
- Growth is supported by domestic consumption, investment, bank credit, infrastructure activity and services.
Amended BharatNet Programme Expanded in Maharashtra
- The Centre has approved ₹10,520 crore for the programme in Maharashtra.
- It will cover 28,237 Gram Panchayats and provide connectivity to 15,799 villages on demand.
India, Japan Launch Operational Manual for Joint Crediting Mechanism
- It operationalises cooperation under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement.
- The manual covers the complete project cycle, from project idea submission to credit issuance and authorisation.
Odisha Launches MICE Incentive Portal
- Eligible events can receive incentives of ₹1,000 per room per day, subject to specified conditions.
- Odisha launched India's first dedicated digital portal for MICE — Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions tourism.
Test yourself · Economy
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The report noted that India permits ________, while some sectors still require government approval.
100% FDI in many sectors US State Department Report on India’s I… · 1 October 2026
2. The programme covers ________, with 10 planned during 2027–29 and 20 from 2030 onwards.
30 HAL-manufactured helicopters HAL–SkyPulse ₹2,491 Crore Helicopter Pr… · 1 October 2026
3. Around ________ is allocated for intra-state transmission systems.
₹1.36 lakh crore Green Energy Corridor Phase III Approved · 1 October 2026
4. The Cabinet approved the Intelligent Traffic Management System (ITMS) for Delhi at an estimated cost of ________.
₹1,789.52 crore Delhi ITMS Project Approved · 3 October 2026
5. The ________ projected India’s real GDP growth at 7.3% in Q2 FY27.
Ministry of Finance India’s GDP Growth Projected at 7.3% in… · 4 & 5 October 2026
Social Issue · 8
Seva First Innovation Challenge 2026
- The Seva First Innovation Challenge (SFIC) was launched to encourage young people to develop solutions to community problems.
- Key themes include sustainable development, farmers, health, education and security.
- The challenge is being organised by the Ministry of Education, AICTE and UGC, with IISc Bengaluru as a nodal institution.
ECI’s Electoral Roll Management Systems
- ECINET, launched by the Election Commission in 2026, is a unified digital platform integrating more than 40 election-related portals and applications.
- The issue discussed in the supplied article concerns the balance between centralised software systems and the statutory role of Electoral Registration Officers (EROs).
International Day of the Deaf 2026
- Observed on 27 September 2026, the last Sunday of September.
- The World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) was established in 1951.
International Day for Universal Access to Information 2026
- 2026 theme: “Upholding Information Integrity in the Digital Age: The role of access to Information in addressing Information Disorder.”
- UNESCO adopted the observance in 2015, while the UN General Assembly formally recognised it in 2019.
- Observed on 28 September to promote the right to access information.
International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste 2026
- The first observance was held on 29 September 2020.
- 2026 theme: “Transformative Potential of Reducing Food Loss and Waste.”
- The UN General Assembly established the day in 2019.
- Observed on 29 September to highlight the need to reduce food loss and waste (FLW).
World Habitat Day 2026
- The 2026 theme was “Adequate Housing for All.”
- The global observance was held in Muscat, Oman, from 5–8 October 2026.
- World Habitat Day is observed on the first Monday of October to promote adequate housing and better human settlements.
- In India, the focus included progress under PMAY-U and PMAY-U 2.0.
World Teachers’ Day 2026
- The 2026 theme was “Standing with teachers: 60 years of protecting the profession, advancing its status and shaping our futures.”
- It marked the 60th anniversary of the 1966 ILO-UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers.
- The day was first observed globally in 1994.
- World Teachers’ Day is observed every year on 5 October.
World Cerebral Palsy Day 2026
- The 2026 theme was “Unique and united.”
- The day was designated in 2012 by the Cerebral Palsy Alliance.
- World Cerebral Palsy Day is observed on 6 October to promote awareness, inclusion and accessibility.
- Cerebral Palsy is a group of neurological disorders affecting movement, posture and muscle coordination.
Test yourself · Social Issue
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The first observance was held on ________.
29 September 2020 International Day of Awareness of Food … · 2 October 2026
2. It marked the ________ of the 1966 ILO-UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers.
60th anniversary World Teachers’ Day 2026 · 7 October 2026
3. Observed on ________, the last Sunday of September.
27 September 2026 International Day of the Deaf 2026 · 2 October 2026
4. ________: “Upholding Information Integrity in the Digital Age: The role of access to Information in addressing Information Disorder.”
2026 theme International Day for Universal Access … · 2 October 2026
5. The ________ was “Adequate Housing for All.”
2026 theme World Habitat Day 2026 · 7 October 2026
Misc GA · 53
Sunil Kumar Wins Bronze in Greco-Roman Wrestling
- Sunil Kumar won bronze in the men's 87 kg Greco-Roman wrestling event.
- He defeated the Philippines' Roberts Callum Johnston 9–0 by technical superiority.
- He had earlier lost his semifinal 0–11 to Japan's Taizo Yoshida.
- This became his second Asian Games medal, making him the first Indian Greco-Roman wrestler to achieve this.
Lovlina Borgohain Reaches Asian Games Final
- Lovlina Borgohain reached the women's 75 kg boxing final.
- She defeated Kazakhstan's Natalya Bogdanova 3–2 in the semifinal.
- She became the first Indian woman boxer to reach back-to-back Asian Games finals.
India Reaches Women’s Hockey Final
- India defeated South Korea 2–0 to reach the women's hockey final.
- India dominated possession but struggled to convert penalty corners during the early stages.
Sanskrit Subhashitam on Six Qualities of Success
- The Sanskrit verse highlights six qualities: diligence, courage, patience, wisdom, strength and valour.
- The verse conveys that human effort and ability are important for achieving success.
Skytrax World Airline Awards 2026
- Singapore Airlines was named the World’s Best Airline in the 2026 Skytrax World Airline Awards.
- Air India was the highest-ranked Indian airline at 57th globally.
- IndiGo ranked 61st and was recognised as the Best Low-Cost Airline in India & South Asia.
TakeMe2Space to Launch Orbital Data Centre
- Indian spacetech company TakeMe2Space plans to launch India's first networked orbital data-centre mission in 2028.
- Two satellites of about 100 kg each are planned for launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9.
- Each satellite is planned to carry NVIDIA Thor GPUs, 100 TB storage and 1.5 kW power.
Bodhana Sivanandan Becomes Youngest Woman Grandmaster
- Indian-origin British chess player Bodhana Sivanandan became the youngest Woman Grandmaster (WGM) at age 11.
- She secured her third and final WGM norm at the 46th Chess Olympiad.
- She also became one of the youngest players to achieve major international chess milestones.
V.S. Rathanvel Becomes India’s 99th Grandmaster
- The achievement came during the 3rd Guwahati Smart City International Open 2026.
- V.S. Rathanvel of Tamil Nadu became India's 99th Grandmaster.
- He crossed the required 2,500 Elo rating.
- The milestone added another Indian player to the country's growing pool of chess Grandmasters.
World Contraception Day 2026
- The 2026 theme was “No Barriers, Just Choices.”
- The first observance was held in 2007.
- World Contraception Day is observed on 26 September.
International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons
- The first observance took place in 2014.
- The UN General Assembly designated the day through Resolution A/RES/68/32 in 2013.
- Observed annually on 26 September.
- It promotes awareness about the dangers of nuclear weapons and nuclear disarmament.
World Environmental Health Day 2026
- The 2026 theme was “Environmental Health: Standing with Science to Protect Communities.”
- Observed on 26 September every year.
Delhi Launches ‘Udyog Mitra’ Portal
- The portal initially integrates 50+ services from 15 departments, with plans for further expansion.
Lalit Kala Akademi National Exhibition of Art
- The 65th National Exhibition of Art showcased 6,175 artworks by 2,495 artists.
- The Lalit Kala Akademi announced 20 awards across visual art forms.
Edward Rukidi Kijanangoma Crowned King of Tooro
- He was selected by a 21-member Babiito clan committee.
- Edward Rukidi Kijanangoma was crowned the 13th King (Omukama) of Tooro Kingdom, Uganda.
ASEAN-India Maritime Exercise 2026
- The 2nd ASEAN-India Maritime Exercise (AIME-2026) was held at Subic Bay, Philippines.
HSBC Global Entrepreneurial Wealth Report 2026
- The report found that around 74% of Indian entrepreneurs surveyed planned to relocate or secure overseas residency.
- Around 99% were adopting or planning to adopt AI in business.
Pranavi Urs Wins Historic Asian Games Golf Gold
- Pranavi Urs became the first Indian woman golfer to win an Asian Games gold medal.
Kumkum Mohod Wins Asian Games Recurve Gold
- The achievement added to India's medal tally on Day 14 of the Games.
Mahatma Gandhi’s 157th Birth Anniversary
- 2 October 2026 marked the 157th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.
CAG-BHASHINI Anuvaad Launched for Audit Documents
- BHASHINI, launched in 2022, supports multiple Indian and international languages for digital public services.
India Reaffirms Whale Conservation Commitment at IWC-70
- India protects cetaceans through the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, Marine Protected Areas and Project Dolphin.
- India participated in the 70th International Whaling Commission meeting (IWC-70) in Hobart, Australia, held from 28 September to 2 October 2026.
THE World University Rankings 2027
- University of Oxford retained the 1st position for the 11th consecutive year.
- The USA was the most represented country with 168 universities, followed by India with 143.
- IISc Bengaluru was the highest-ranked Indian institution, placed 254th globally.
SpaceX Transporter-18 Launches 130 Payloads
- SpaceX launched 130 payloads aboard its Falcon 9 rocket under the Transporter-18 rideshare mission.
- The mission included Google’s Project Suncatcher satellite experiment.
Flying Wedge Defence–Keydef Partnership
- The partnership will manufacture Kaal Bhairava autonomous UAVs and YAMA swarm interceptor drones in Portugal.
- The initial investment is €6 million.
- The companies will also pursue NATO certification to expand global market access.
International Day of Older Persons 2026
- The first observance was held on 1 October 1991.
- Observed annually on 1 October to highlight the rights, dignity, health and contributions of older persons.
- 2026 Theme: “The Age of Longevity: Rethinking Systems for Longer Lives.”
- The UN officially designated the day through UNGA Resolution 45/106 in 1990.
International Coffee Day 2026
- 2026 marked the first official UNGA-recognised observance of International Coffee Day.
- Observed on 1 October to recognise coffee farmers, workers and communities and promote a sustainable coffee sector.
- 2026 Theme: “Celebrating Coffee, Honouring the People Behind Every Cup.”
World Vegetarian Day 2026
- Established by the North American Vegetarian Society (NAVS) in 1977.
- The International Vegetarian Union endorsed it in 1978.
- Observed annually on 1 October to promote awareness of the ethical, environmental and health aspects of vegetarianism.
NSO National Household Travel Survey
- Only around 15% of workers use public transport such as buses, trains, trams and auto-rickshaws.
- Around 46% depend on cars or two-wheelers, while 28% travel on foot.
- The National Statistics Office (NSO) released findings from India’s first National Household Travel Survey.
- The data helps understand urban mobility and transport patterns in India.
Five New Cheetah Cubs Born in Kuno
- India’s cheetah population increased to 60, including 41 cubs born in India.
- The cubs were born to KJP21, the third India-born female cheetah to give birth in India.
Five Centres of Excellence for Classical Languages
- Assamese: Tezpur University; Bengali: Visva-Bharati.
- Marathi: Deccan College, Pune; Pali: Central University of Odisha; Prakrit: Central University of Gujarat.
- The Ministry of Education approved five Centres of Excellence (CoEs) for Assamese, Bengali, Marathi, Pali and Prakrit.
28 Places and Geographical Features Identified in Ladakh
- The Ministry of Home Affairs, with the Ladakh administration, identified 28 geographical features using standard names on Survey of India maps.
- These include peaks, mountains, glaciers, passes, land areas, a river, lake and valley.
Nālandā University–CSIR-TKDL MoU
- Nālandā University and the CSIR-Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) Unit signed an MoU on traditional knowledge and cultural heritage.
- The collaboration covers Traditional Knowledge, IPR, Traditional Cultural Expressions and Indian Knowledge Systems.
Pondicherry University–NIT Nagaland Research Collaboration
- IISc Bengaluru will act as the hub, while Pondicherry University and NIT Nagaland will function as spoke institutions.
- Pondicherry University and NIT Nagaland signed an MoU under the ANRF-PAIR programme.
- NIT Nagaland became the first North-Eastern institution participating in this PAIR project.
HAL to Acquire Full Ownership of HATSOFF
- HAL signed an agreement to acquire the remaining 50% stake in HATSOFF Helicopter Training from CAE Canada.
- After completion, HATSOFF will become a 100% wholly owned subsidiary of HAL.
DRDO’s Kaveri Dry Engine Completes Trials
- It recorded a maximum dry thrust of 48.5 kN, exceeding the target of 46 kN.
- The engine is a non-afterburning version of the Kaveri engine.
India’s First Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution Link
- It achieved a Quantum Bit Error Rate below 5% and generated secure keys at 230–260 bps.
- QNu Labs, BISAG-N and IIT Gandhinagar demonstrated India’s first free-space Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) link.
- The secure communication link covered 5.56 km.
New Lizard Species Discovered in Peru
- It was found at an altitude of about 4,818 metres in the Arequipa region.
- The species was described in the scientific journal Diversity.
Asian Games 2026 – India Finishes Fourth
- The Aichi–Nagoya Asian Games 2026 concluded on 4 October 2026.
- India finished 4th with 85 medals: 21 gold, 27 silver and 37 bronze.
- China topped the table with 341 medals, followed by Japan and South Korea.
- The Games featured 469 medal events across 43 sports.
Filmmaker Singeetham Srinivasa Rao Passes Away
- Veteran filmmaker Singeetham Srinivasa Rao passed away at the age of 94.
- He directed around 60 films across several Indian languages.
- Notable works include Pushpaka Vimanam, Aditya 369, Mayuri and Bhairava Dweepam.
- He received 2 National Film Awards and several state and Filmfare awards.
International Day of Non-Violence 2026
- 2026 marked Gandhi’s 157th birth anniversary.
- Observed on 2 October, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.
- The UN established the day through UNGA Resolution 61/271 in 2007.
- India observes 2 October as Gandhi Jayanti and Swachh Bharat Diwas.
World Animal Day 2026
- 2026 Theme: “See the World Through Their Eyes.”
- Since 2003, the Naturewatch Foundation has coordinated the global observance.
- Observed annually on 4 October to promote animal welfare and protection.
- October 4 is also associated with St. Francis of Assisi, regarded as the patron saint of animals.
National Wildlife Week 2026
- National Wildlife Week developed from the National Wildlife Day first observed in 1955.
- 2026 Theme: “Connecting Habitats, Thriving Wildlife.”
- Observed in India from 2–8 October to promote wildlife conservation.
India Among Countries Interested in Hosting 2036 Olympics
- The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is expected to decide the host through its members in 2029.
- India is among seven countries that expressed interest in hosting the 2036 Summer Olympics.
- The IOC is also discussing potential hosting for 2040 and 2044.
HAL Delivers Its 2,000th Aero-Engine
- Around ₹5,000 crore of proposed investment will support the aerospace ecosystem.
- Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) delivered its 2,000th aero-engine from its Koraput division in Odisha.
- India is also developing its first indigenous high-thrust engine testing facility, important for the AMCA programme.
24 Departmentally-Related Standing Committees Reconstituted
- The Lok Sabha Speaker and Rajya Sabha Chairman reconstituted 24 Departmentally-Related Standing Committees (DRSCs) for 2026–27.
- Bhartruhari Mahtab was appointed Chairperson of the Finance Committee.
- Shashi Tharoor will head the Committee on External Affairs.
- Radha Mohan Singh was appointed Chairperson of the Defence Committee.
MeitY Launches Centre for AI in Keralam
- Its first cohort includes 15 AI startups across healthcare, AgriTech, legal technology, Edge AI and other fields.
- Digital University Kerala will be the implementing agency.
- MeitY launched the Centre for AI in Keralam (CAIK) in Thiruvananthapuram under the IndiaAI Mission.
Three High Court Chief Justices Appointed as Supreme Court Judges
- The appointments were made under Article 124(2) of the Constitution.
- Gurvinder Pal Singh was appointed as an Additional Judge of the Delhi High Court under Article 224(1).
Rajeshwari Kumari Elected to OCA Athletes Commission
- Indian trap shooter Rajeshwari Kumari was elected to the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) Athletes Commission for 2026–2030.
- She won a silver medal in the Women’s Trap Team event at the 2022 Asian Games.
Fleet Support Ship ‘Surya’ Launched
- Defence Minister Rajnath Singh launched Fleet Support Ship-1 (FSS-1) ‘Surya’ at Hindustan Shipyard Limited, Visakhapatnam.
- It is the first of five indigenously designed Fleet Support Ships for the Indian Navy.
- The 43,500-tonne ships will carry fuel, water, ammunition and other supplies for naval vessels.
Max Verstappen Wins 2026 Bahrain Grand Prix
- Max Verstappen won the 2026 Bahrain Grand Prix for Oracle Red Bull Racing.
- It was the 16th round of the 2026 Formula One World Championship.
- The race was held at Sepang International Circuit, Malaysia, marking Formula One's return to the circuit since 2017.
India Wins Four Gold and One Silver at IOAA 2026
- India won four gold medals and one silver medal at the 19th International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics (IOAA) 2026.
- All five members of India's team won medals.
India Mobile Congress 2026
- The 2026 theme is “Scale Without Boundaries.”
- The 10th edition of India Mobile Congress (IMC) began at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi.
Novak Djokovic Wins Seventh China Open Title
- The victory also gave him his 102nd Tour-level trophy.
Test yourself · Misc GA
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. Indian spacetech company ________ plans to launch India's first networked orbital data-centre mission in 2028.
TakeMe2Space TakeMe2Space to Launch Orbital Data Cen… · 1 October 2026
2. The ________ was “No Barriers, Just Choices.”
2026 theme World Contraception Day 2026 · 1 October 2026
3. The report found that around ________ surveyed planned to relocate or secure overseas residency.
74% of Indian entrepreneurs HSBC Global Entrepreneurial Wealth Repo… · 3 October 2026
4. ________ marked the 157th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.
2 October 2026 Mahatma Gandhi’s 157th Birth Anniversary · 4 & 5 October 2026
5. The first observance was held on ________.
1 October 1991 International Day of Older Persons 2026 · 4 & 5 October 2026
Schemes · 10
National Coastal Mission 2.0
- ContextThe Union Environment Minister launched implementation guidelines for the National Coastal Mission 2.0 (NCM 2.0) — a Central Sector Scheme with an outlay of ₹767 crore for 2025-26 to 2030-31, across nine coastal States and four Union Territories.
- NCM 2.0 — ₹767 crore, 2025-26 to 2030-31; 9 coastal States and 4 UTs; administered by MoEFCC
- ICZM — Integrated Coastal Zone Management; the ICZM Project has been World Bank-supported since 2010
- Blue carbon — carbon stored by mangroves, seagrass and salt marshes; the Indian Sundarbans stores about 24 million tonnes
Air Ayodhya Receives NOC under UDAN
- The airline plans to build a 50-aircraft fleet by 2036.
- It aims to connect Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities, pilgrimage centres and tourism hubs in Uttar Pradesh.
- Air Ayodhya, operated by Megamax Aviation, received a NOC from the Ministry of Civil Aviation to operate under RCS-UDAN.
The GOBARdhan Scheme
- ContextThe Union Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas launched the GOBARdhan Central Sector Scheme with an outlay of ₹23,731 crore, to accelerate India's Compressed Biogas (CBG) sector over 10 years — FY2026-27 to FY2035-36.
- Objective: Promote domestic CBG production, reduce LNG imports and biomass burning, and convert agricultural waste and cattle dung into green energy and bio-fertilisers.
- Capital Assistance: Up to ₹2 crore per TPD of installed CBG capacity for eligible greenfield plants.
- Credit Guarantee: Up to 85% of outstanding defaults, with an exposure cap of ₹20 crore, increased to ₹25 crore for women-led enterprises.
India's First Female Farmer Worker Conference
- Female LFPR: 41.7 per cent (2023-24) on usual status; agriculture absorbs the largest share
- India ranks 131st on the Global Gender Gap Index 2026
- ContextIndia's first Female Farmer Worker Conference was held in New Delhi to recognise women's contributions to agriculture and rural livelihoods — coinciding with the UN International Year of the Woman Farmer 2026.
- Women constitute roughly one-third of the agricultural workforce and a far higher share of operations in some activities, but own only about 14 per cent of operational holdings
PRAGATI-50 Initiative for Clean Cities
- MoHUA launched PRAGATI-50 under SBM-U 2.0 to develop 50 clean role-model cities across 24 States.
National Coastal Mission 2.0
- It has a total budget of ₹767 crore and will continue up to 2030–31.
- It covers 9 coastal States and 4 Union Territories.
- NCM 2.0 aims to strengthen conservation and sustainable management of India's coastal and marine ecosystems.
New Discovery Track Under PRIP Scheme
- The PRIP Scheme was launched in 2023 with an outlay of ₹5,000 crore to strengthen pharmaceutical research and innovation.
- Projects require 25% co-funding and can receive support through different funding stages.
- It aims to provide early-stage funding for New Chemical Entities (NCEs), New Biological Entities (NBEs), complex generics, biosimilars and medical devices.
- The Department of Pharmaceuticals launched a New Discovery Track under the PRIP Scheme.
PMGSY-IV and PM-JANMAN Rural Roads Impact Assessment
- The study covers 10 States/UTs, 50 districts, 150 blocks, 250 roads and around 5,000 households.
PM-SETU Completes One Year
- It has an outlay of ₹60,000 crore for five years: ₹30,000 crore Centre, ₹20,000 crore States and ₹10,000 crore industry.
- In the first year, 850 ITIs were identified, including 172 Hub and 678 Spoke ITIs.
- It targets 1,000 Government ITIs — 200 Hub ITIs and 800 Spoke ITIs.
PMAY-G 2.0 Houses and 3D-Printed Housing in Andhra Pradesh
- The first instalment for 3 lakh PMAY-G houses worth ₹3,600 crore was released in Andhra Pradesh.
- PMAY-G provides ₹1.20 lakh assistance in plain areas and ₹1.30 lakh in North-Eastern and hilly areas.
- A pilot project for 177 houses using 3D concrete printing was also launched.
- 3D printing can reduce construction time, labour requirements and costs.
Test yourself · Schemes
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The PRIP Scheme was launched in ________ with an outlay of ₹5,000 crore to strengthen pharmaceutical research and innovation.
2023 New Discovery Track Under PRIP Scheme · 4 & 5 October 2026
2. ________ — ₹767 crore, 2025-26 to 2030-31; 9 coastal States and 4 UTs; administered by MoEFCC
NCM 2.0 National Coastal Mission 2.0 · 2 October 2026
3. ________ on usual status; agriculture absorbs the largest share
Female LFPR: 41.7 per cent (2023-24) India's First Female Farmer Worker Conf… · 3 October 2026
4. It has a total budget of ________ and will continue up to 2030–31.
₹767 crore National Coastal Mission 2.0 · 3 October 2026
5. It has an outlay of ________ for five years: ₹30,000 crore Centre, ₹20,000 crore States and ₹10,000 crore industry.
₹60,000 crore PM-SETU Completes One Year · 6 October 2026
Reports/Articles · 1
WHO-UNICEF Report on WASH in Schools
- WHO and UNICEF released Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools 2015–25 under the JMP-WASH programme.
- Around 50 million Indian children lacked access to sanitation services at school in 2025, the highest number globally.
- Globally, 244 million children lacked school sanitation services.
- About 20 million Indian children also lacked hygiene services at school.
Misc · 2
UIDAI Launches Five New Aadhaar Initiatives
- Aadhaar Day commemorates the issuance of the first Aadhaar number on 29 September 2010.
- UIDAI launched five initiatives at Aadhaar Samvaad in Kolkata on 29 September 2026, marking the 17th Aadhaar Day.
- Initiatives include Face Authentication for ePDS, SWIK Portal 2.0, Sub-AUA/Sub-KUA (LITE) Framework, New Token Management System and a revamped UIDAI website.
DRDO–CSIR-CGCRI Indigenous Bulletproof Glass
- The ₹50-crore, four-year project uses glass-ceramic technology and nanocrystals.
- The project aims for multi-shot protection against AK-47-class threats.
- Initial trials successfully stopped TAR rounds at around 695 m/s.
RBI and NABARD · 9
The Green Energy Corridor Phase-III Scheme
- ContextThe Union Cabinet approved the Green Energy Corridor Phase-III (GEC-III) scheme with an outlay of ₹1,86,405 crore.
- Total Outlay:₹1,86,405 crore ₹1,36,378 crore – Intra-State Transmission Systems ₹50,000 crore – 50 GWh BESS
- ₹1,36,378 crore – Intra-State Transmission Systems
- ₹50,000 crore – 50 GWh BESS
ASEAN-India Maritime Exercise (AIME-2026)
- The second edition, after the inaugural edition hosted by Singapore in May 2023
The Sengol
- 1947 — commissioned by the Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam, a centuries-old non-Brahmin Saivite mutt in Tamil Nadu, and crafted by Madras jewellers Vummidi Bangaru Chetty; the five-foot sceptre was presented to Jawaharlal Nehru in August 1947
- Modern installation — preserved for decades at the Allahabad Museum, consecrated by pontiffs of Tamil Nadu Adheenams, and installed beside the Lok Sabha Speaker's chair in the new Parliament building in May 2023
- ContextThe NCERT incorporated the Sengol into its newly released Class 9 Social Science textbook, citing it as a historic symbol marking the transfer of power to Jawaharlal Nehru on the eve of Independence in 1947.
- Historically presented at the coronation of monarchs, as an emblem of righteous rulership, judicial impartiality and adherence to dharma
CAG-BHASHINI Anuvaad
- BHASHINI — Bhasha Interface for India, launched 2022 under the National Language Translation Mission; an initiative of MeitY
- CAG — Article 148; appointed by the President; tenure six years or age 65
- While ensuring human oversight, security and data sovereignty
- BHASHINI supports 36 Indian text languages, 23 Indian voice languages, 35 international languages
2026 Nobel Prize in Physics: Neutrinos and the IceCube Observatory
- IceCube covers about 1 cubic kilometre of ice and contains more than 5,000 light sensors installed deep inside the Antarctic ice.
- The 2026 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Francis Halzen, a Belgian-American scientist, for his pioneering work on detecting high-energy neutrinos using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole in Antarctica.
- They are among the most abundant particles in the universe, after photons.
- Neutrinos therefore provide a new window into the universe.
India's Rising Supercomputing Ecosystem
- Launched in April 2015 with an outlay of ₹4,500 crore
- India has deployed 40 indigenous supercomputers with a combined capacity of 68 Petaflops under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) — strengthening self-reliance in high-performance computing (HPC) ahead of ESTIC-2026.
- PARAM 8000 (1991) — India's first indigenous supercomputer, built by C-DAC, with a speed of 1 Gigaflop. It was made after Western countries refused to sell India the Cray X-MP machine
- PARAM Shivay and Pravega (2019–2022) — the first multi-petaflop systems. PARAM Shivay at IIT BHU was the first built under NSM, followed by PARAM Pravega (3.3 PF) at IISc Bengaluru
National Household Travel Survey (NHTS)
- NHTS — India's first household travel survey; July 2025 to June 2026; 4.92 lakh households, 20.34 lakh persons; by the NSO under MoSPI
- The female work-travel gap connects to India's low female labour force participation of 41.7 per cent (PLFS 2023-24)
- The National Statistics Office (NSO) released the findings of India's first-ever National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), conducted from July 2025 to June 2026.
- Covered 4.92 lakh households and over 20.34 lakh persons
Pneumonic Plague
- Incubation: 24 hours to 3 days
- Yersinia pestis is named after Alexandre Yersin, who identified it in Hong Kong, 1894
- The Haffkine Institute, Mumbai was founded after the 1896 plague; Waldemar Haffkine developed the first plague vaccine there
- India's last major outbreak was in Surat, 1994
India-Japan Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM)
- Built on a Memorandum of Cooperation signed 7 August 2025
- And Rules of Implementation adopted 8 June 2026
- Governed by Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, which allows two countries to cooperate voluntarily and transfer emission reductions between them
Appointments & Resignations · 4
Anup Kumar Saha Appointed Kotak Mahindra Bank MD & CEO
- He will take charge on 1 January 2027 for a three-year term.
- RBI approved Anup Kumar Saha as the next MD & CEO of Kotak Mahindra Bank.
Mahesh Muralidhar Pai Appointed South Indian Bank MD & CEO
- Mahesh Muralidhar Pai became MD & CEO of South Indian Bank from 1 October 2026.
Lavanya R. Mundayur Appointed NIACL CMD
- She will serve until 31 May 2029, subject to the applicable terms of appointment.
Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri Appointed Morocco PM
- She became the first woman Prime Minister of Morocco.
Test yourself · Appointments & Resignations
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. He will take charge on ________ for a three-year term.
1 January 2027 Anup Kumar Saha Appointed Kotak Mahindr… · 3 October 2026
2. ________ became MD & CEO of South Indian Bank from 1 October 2026.
Mahesh Muralidhar Pai Mahesh Muralidhar Pai Appointed South I… · 3 October 2026
3. She will serve until ________, subject to the applicable terms of appointment.
31 May 2029 Lavanya R. Mundayur Appointed NIACL CMD · 3 October 2026
4. Morocco's King ________ appointed Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri as Prime Minister.
Mohammed VI Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri Appointed Mo… · 3 October 2026
Acquisitions & Mergers · 1
CCI Approves BNP Paribas Cardif–IndiaFirst Life Deal
- After the transaction, the shareholding is expected to be Bank of Baroda 65%, BNP Paribas Cardif 26% and Union Bank of India 9%.
- CCI is India's statutory competition regulator under the Competition Act, 2002.
- The Competition Commission of India (CCI) approved BNP Paribas Cardif's proposal to acquire a 26% stake in IndiaFirst Life Insurance.
Important Days · 4
World Rabies Day – 28 September
- 2026 theme: “Stronger Together.”
- The day was established in 2007 by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control.
- Observed annually on 28 September to promote rabies prevention and elimination.
- It commemorates the death anniversary of Louis Pasteur, developer of the first successful rabies vaccine.
World Rivers Day – 27 September
- The first World Rivers Day was observed in 2005.
- 2026: 27 September.
World Heart Day – 29 September
- The first World Heart Day was observed in 2000.
- 2026 theme: “Don’t Miss a Beat.”
International Translation Day – 30 September
- 2026 theme: “Linguistic Diversity and Language Rights.”
- The UN officially recognised the day through UNGA Resolution A/RES/71/288 in 2017.
- Observed on 30 September to recognise the role of language professionals in international communication.
- The date coincides with the feast day of St. Jerome, regarded as the patron saint of translators.
Test yourself · Important Days
Fill the blank from memory, then check. Tap a question to reveal the answer.
1. The first World Rivers Day was observed in ________.
2005 World Rivers Day – 27 September · 3 October 2026
2. The first World Heart Day was observed in ________.
2000 World Heart Day – 29 September · 3 October 2026
3. ________: “Linguistic Diversity and Language Rights.”
2026 theme International Translation Day – 30 Sept… · 3 October 2026
4. The day was established in ________ by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control.
2007 World Rabies Day – 28 September · 3 October 2026
PIB · 2
ICAR–FCI MoU on Alternative Fumigation Technologies
- Pest resistance in key Indian states has reached 72–100%, increasing fumigation costs and risks to workers and the environment.
National Biodiversity Authority – 23rd Foundation Day
- The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) observed its 23rd Foundation Day.
RBI & NABARD · 9
Rising Child Leprosy Cases Challenge India's 2027 Goal
- India's data covers April 2025 to March 2026, though presented in the WHO's 2025 table
- ContextIndia recorded 3,832 new child leprosy cases in 2025-26, including 37 with Grade-2 disability at diagnosis — 91.6 per cent above the National Leprosy Eradication Programme's target of 2,000 cases.
- The three together account for 78.3 per cent of all new cases globally
- The National Figures (2025-26)
| Indicator | Figure |
|---|---|
| Total new leprosy cases | 91,783 |
| New child cases | 3,832 |
| Child cases with Grade-2 disability | 37 |
| Total G2D cases at diagnosis | 1,945 — 2.12 per cent of new cases |
| Prevalence rate | 0.56 per 10,000 population |
| National G2D rate | 1.34 per million — above the target of under one per million |
Coal Mine Near Ramappa Temple Raises Heritage Concerns
- Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2021 — India's 39th at the time
- Built in 1213 CE under the Kakatiya ruler Ganapati Deva, by his general Recharla Rudra
Samudra Manthan Mission
- ContextDetails emerged on the operationalisation of the ₹84,084-crore Samudra Manthan (National Offshore Exploration Scheme) — expanding India's hydrocarbon exploration into deep and ultra-deep offshore frontier waters.
- Outlay ₹84,084 crore till FY2030-31
- Add over 600 MMTOE of recoverable reserves
- Raise domestic production to 80 MMTOE annually
Haryana's IoT-Based Waste Management for Pilgrimage Sites
- 500-metre clean zone — no open waste collection points permitted within a 500-metre buffer, covering approach roads, parking areas and vendor zones
RoDTEP Scheme Extended to 31 December 2026
- Came into effect on 1 January 2021, replacing the WTO-disputed Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS)
- ContextThe Department of Commerce extended the Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) Scheme up to 31 December 2026.
- Eliminate cost disabilities for domestic producers
- A WTO-compliant export promotion and tax neutrality scheme
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2026
- In 2005, he demonstrated that light could trigger nerve signals.
- In 2007, the technique was successfully used to control nerve cells in the living brain of mice.
- The 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was jointly awarded to Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel for discoveries that led to optogenetics — a technique that uses light to control specific nerve cells.
- It has helped researchers study memory, pain, emotions, thirst, hunger, reward, attention and social behaviour.
The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
- Established 1889 in Paris
- Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
- 183 Member Parliaments and 15 Associate Members
The Ramappa Temple
- Construction took roughly 40 years
- Kakatiyas ruled from Warangal, 12th–14th centuries; Rani Rudrama Devi was among India's few women rulers
- Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in July 2021 — India's 39th — as "Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana"
- Built 1213 CE; UNESCO listed July 2021; India's 39th World Heritage Site
3D-Printed Rural Houses under PMAY-G
- ContextAndhra Pradesh will launch India's first national-level pilot to construct rural houses using 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) under PMAY-Gramin.
- Replacing traditional brick-and-mortar masonry by depositing high-performance cementitious mixtures layer by layer, using robotic gantry or arm printers
- Digital modelling — a 3D plan created using Building Information Modelling (BIM), sliced into precise numerical computer paths
NABARD · 4
Desert National Park
- Gazetted in 1980 to arrest desertification
- DNP — 3,162 sq km; Jaisalmer and Barmer, Rajasthan; gazetted 1980; on India's UNESCO Tentative List
- A hyper-arid zone receiving under 100 mm annual rainfall
- Rainfall under 100 mm; breeding centres at Sam and Ramdevra
Annual Survey of Industries 2024–25
- Total emoluments increased by 12.08% during 2024–25.
- Manufacturing GVA increased by 9.59%, while employment rose 7.19% to 2.10 crore.
- Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Karnataka accounted for 53.30% of total establishments.
- MoSPI released the ASI 2024–25, covering India’s registered manufacturing sector.
COFO 28: India's Forest Progress and the SOFO 2026 Report
- Brings together 128 member countries, including ministers, heads of forest services, senior officials and partner organisations
- Reported forest and tree cover of 82.74 million hectares — 25.17 per cent of geographical area
- That is 10 per cent of the world's total land area
- India's forest and tree cover: 82.74 mn ha, 25.17 per cent of geographical area
PM E-DRIVE Scheme Completes Two Years
- The PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-DRIVE) Scheme completed two years on 29 September 2026.
- About 26.59 lakh electric vehicles (EVs) were sold under the scheme as of June 2026.
- The scheme was launched in October 2024 and has been extended up to 31 March 2028.
- It supports e-2Ws, e-3Ws, e-ambulances, e-trucks, e-buses and EV charging infrastructure.
RBI · 1
World Bank Raises India's FY27 Growth Forecast to 7.1%
- ContextThe World Bank raised India's FY27 growth projection to 7.1 per cent from 6.6 per cent, citing robust domestic demand and strong exports despite global headwinds — in the October edition of its India Development Update.
| Agency | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| World Bank | 6.6 | 7.1 |
| OECD | 6.3 | 7.1 |
| ADB | 6.6 | 7.0 |
| S&P Global | 6.6 | 7.0 |
| Moody's | 6.0 | 7.0 |
| Fitch | 6.4 | 6.9 |
| Goldman Sachs | 6.5 | — |
| IMF | 6.4 | — |
| RBI | 6.7 | — |
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