Key Highlights:

Context: SEBI has made Electronic Book Provider (EBP) platform usage mandatory for all private placement debt issues of ₹20 crore or more. Expanded Scope of Applicability Objective of the Move Background Implications

Context: Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India are increasingly turning to External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) for cheaper and more diversified funding as domestic banks delay passing on the benefits of recent repo rate cuts. External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) Definition: Key Sources of ECBs: Regulatory Framework: Usage Restrictions: Permissible Use and Limits: Sector-Specific Limits:

Context: Shapoorji Pallonji Group has asked the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to give its unit, Sterling Investment Corp, three years to meet enhanced capital adequacy norms in relation to a recent bond issue, said people with knowledge of the matter. What is Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)? The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is a key financial metric used to assess a bank’s ability to withstand financial stress by maintaining sufficient capital reserves. It is a regulatory requirement that ensures banks can absorb potential losses while continuing to operate, thereby protecting depositors and maintaining financial system stability. Key Features of CAR: Components of CAR CAR Requirements in India (as per RBI norms): (Note: These are above the Basel III minimum requirement of 6%, reflecting India’s cautious regulatory stance.) Why is CAR Important?

Context: The Indian banking sector is undergoing a paradigm shift in customer service, driven by direct interventions from the Ministry of Finance and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). A recent incident involving a surprise branch visit by DFS Secretary M. Nagaraju highlights the push for accountability and excellence in customer care. CPGRAMS Revitalization CPGRAMS: India’s Unified Online Public Grievance Redressal System Overview: Key Features: RBI’s Push for Customer-Centric Banking BS

Context: RBI imposed penalties in 281 instances totaling ₹86.1 crore in FY24, up from ₹40.4 crore (211 cases) in FY23. RBI’s Scale-Based Enforcement Framework Legal Framework Fraud Detection: Lag Still a Major Problem Technology Gaps in Fraud Detection Need for Sector-Wide Governance Reform BS

Context: The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) has amended corporate insolvency regulations. Need for Structural Reforms Proposed Solutions Current Amendment Is Inadequate BS

Context: The Indian Venture and Alternate Capital Association (IVCA) has urged SEBI to set up an inter-regulatory platform to: Key Issues Strategic Focus Areas for AIF Reform Shift Towards Accredited Investors Revisiting Outdated Norms BS

What is the Contingent Risk Buffer (CRB)? Recent Developments Implication for Surplus Transfer Why It Matters BS

A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on an underlying asset (e.g., stock, index, gold, oil). Types of Derivatives in India Why So Many Warnings Against Derivatives? Global Perspective: Warren Buffet Indian Regulators’ Concerns Risks Associated with Derivatives 1. Not a Long-Term Asset 2. Leverage Risk 3. Misuse by Retail Investors 4. Time Decay in Options 5. Illusion of Safety in Options