Daily Current Affairs Quiz27 & 28 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. First SCO Council of National Coordinators Meeting 2026 Held in Beijing Why in News? The first meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of National Coordinators (CNC) for 2026 was held in Beijing, under the chairmanship of the Kyrgyz Republic, to finalize the agenda for upcoming high-level SCO summits later this year. Council of National Coordinators (CNC) What is it? Core Functions About Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Key Facts Member States (10) Permanent Bodies National Affairs 1. Enhancing Circular Economy of ELVs in India: NITI Aayog Report Source: TH Context: A NITI Aayog report has warned that End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) in India could double to nearly 50 million by 2030, posing serious risks related to road safety, pollution, and waste management, while also highlighting the untapped resource potential of vehicle scrapping. What are End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs)? Key Trends & Data Regulatory Framework for ELVs Key Challenges Identified 1. Informal vs Formal Price Gap 2. Regional Infrastructure Imbalance 3. De-registration Bottlenecks 4. Poor Financial Viability of RVSFs 5. Compromised Fitness Testing NITI Aayog Recommendations 1. Infrastructure Expansion 2. Formalisation of Informal Sector 3. Strengthening EPR 4. Digital Reforms 5. Financial Innovation 2. Tap Water Coverage in Urban India Source: IE Context: Urban tap water coverage in India has increased significantly from 49% in 2011 to about 77% in 2025–26, largely due to the implementation of AMRUT and AMRUT 2.0 under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). What is Tap Water Coverage? AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation) AMRUT 1.0 (2015–) AMRUT 2.0 (2021–) Jal Hi Amrit Initiative 3. The 16th India–European Union (EU) Summit Source: TOI Context: The 16th India–European Union (EU) Summit begins today, with both sides set to upgrade their strategic partnership by signing a Security and Defence Partnership (SDP) and advancing talks on trade, climate, and global security. Key Participants Key Outcomes Expected 1. Security & Defence Cooperation 2. Trade & Economy 3. Strategic Agenda 4. MoPR Facilitates Panchayat Leaders & Launches Key Initiatives Source: PIB Why in News? The Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR) honoured elected Panchayat representatives and launched multiple governance-related initiatives during a special event held ahead of Republic Day 2026. Initiatives & Publications Launched About PANCHAM PESA State Rankings 2024–25 About PESA Top Performing States 5. Rajasthan Launches RAJ-UNNATI Digital Governance Platform Source: IE Why in News? Rajasthan launched RAJ-UNNATI, becoming the first Indian state to replicate the PRAGATI model at the state level. About RAJ-UNNATI About PRAGATI 6. Wings India 2026 – Asia’s Largest Civil Aviation Event Source: News on Air Context: Wings India 2026, Asia’s largest civil aviation exhibition and conference, will be held from 28–31 January 2026 at Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad, highlighting India’s emergence as a global aviation hub. What is Wings India? Organisers & Venue 7. Humanoid Robot ‘ASC ARJUN’ Deployed by Indian Railways Source: IE Context: Indian Railways has deployed an AI-powered humanoid robot named ‘ASC ARJUN’ at Visakhapatnam Railway Station, marking a first-of-its-kind initiative across the railway network. What is ‘ASC ARJUN’? Developed By Aim Key Functions Function Area Key Features / Description Security & Surveillance Face Recognition System (FRS) for intrusion detection; AI-based crowd monitoring Real-Time Alerts Sends instant alerts to RPF control rooms during suspicious activities and emergencies Emergency Response Fire and smoke detection system for early warning Passenger Assistance Automated announcements in English, Hindi, and Telugu Autonomous Patrolling Semi-autonomous navigation; obstacle avoidance; 24×7 platform patrols Human Interaction Friendly gestures such as Namaste for passengers and salutes for RPF personnel 8. Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary Source: The Hindu Context: The Kerala government has officially renamed Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary as Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary, making it the first butterfly sanctuary in Kerala. What is Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary? Location Ecological Significance 9. Buddhist Diamond Triangle Added to UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List Source: The Times of India Why in News? The UNESCO World Heritage Centre has added Odisha’s Buddhist Diamond Triangle—Lalitgiri, Udayagiri, and Ratnagiri—to India’s Tentative List for World Heritage Sites. About Buddhist Diamond Triangle Key Sites Lalitgiri – The Ancient Spiritual Hub Udayagiri – The Sunrise Hill of Monasteries Ratnagiri – Epicentre of Vajrayana Buddhism Banking/Finance 1. RBI Proposes Reopening Licensing Window for Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) Source: IE Context: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed reopening the licensing window for Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) after a gap of over 20 years, and has invited stakeholder feedback on the proposal. About Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) Origin & Evolution Reform Phase Key Functions of UCBs 2. Economic Survey of India 2026 Source: PIB Why in News? The Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) Dr. V. Anantha Nageswaran will present the Economic Survey of India 2026 on January 29, 2026, ahead of the Union Budget 2026–27 scheduled for February 1, 2026. About the Economic Survey of India Origin & History Who Prepares the Survey? Aim & Objectives Structure of the Economic Survey Part A Part B 3. ESMA–RBI Renew Information-Sharing Pact Source: ET Context: The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have signed a new information-sharing agreement, ending a three-year impasse over the recognition of Indian central counterparties (CCPs) by the European Union. Background Key Developments Indian Clearing Houses Affected Earlier Agriculture 1. New Plant Species Discovered: Hoya nagaensis Source: The Hindu (TH) Why in News? Researchers from Nagaland University have recorded a new plant species, Hoya nagaensis, from a community-managed forest in Nagaland. About Hoya nagaensis Region Found Key Features Conservation Status 2. Smart & Integrated Fishing Harbour Sanctioned at Mayabunder Source: News on Air Why in News? The Union Department of Fisheries has sanctioned the development of a Smart and Integrated Fishing Harbour at Mayabunder, giving a major boost to maritime and fisheries infrastructure in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Smart Fishing Harbour at Mayabunder Key Features Facts To Remember 1. Indian Railways deploys humanoid robot ‘ASC ARJUN’ Indian Railways introduced its first AI-powered humanoid robot at Visakhapatnam station to enhance passenger safety, surveillance, and

Daily Current Affairs Quiz25&26 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. USA Officially Withdraws from the World Health Organization (WHO) Source: TH Context: The United States of America (USA) formally withdrew from the World Health Organization (WHO) on 22 January 2026, ending its 78-year membership. The move followed sustained criticism of the WHO’s functioning, particularly its handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. Background What is WHO? The World Health Organization (WHO) is the UN’s apex body responsible for international public health, disease prevention, health promotion, and emergency health response. India & WHO 2. 56th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) Venue: Davos-Klosters, SwitzerlandDates: 19–23 January 2026Theme: “A Spirit of Dialogue” Why in News? The 56th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) brought together global political, business and technology leaders to discuss economic uncertainty, geopolitical tensions, and the future of technology-led growth. Key Reports Launched 1. WEF Chief Economists’ Outlook – January 2026 2. AI Adoption Report India Highlight: AI Investment Ranking World Economic Forum (WEF) The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental and non-profit organisation that brings together leaders from government, business, academia, and civil society to address global economic, social, political, and technological challenges through dialogue and cooperation. Establishment & Headquarters National Affairs 1. PLI Scheme for White Goods Source: PIB Why in News? The Government of India has selected five companies in the fourth round of the PLI Scheme for White Goods, with a committed investment of ₹863 crore, to boost domestic manufacturing of Air Conditioners (ACs) and LED lights. What is the PLI Scheme for White Goods? Key Details Nodal & Monitoring Authorities Target Segments under the Scheme 1. Air Conditioners 2. LED Lights 2. Asiatic Wild Dog (Dhole) Source: TH Why in News? A rare Asiatic Wild Dog (Dhole) has been camera-trapped for the first time in the Ratapani Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh.The sighting indicates improving habitat quality and prey availability in the reserve. About Asiatic Wild Dog (Dhole) Habitat & Distribution Conservation Status 3. State of Finance for Nature 2026 Report Context: The State of Finance for Nature (SFN) 2026 report warns that global financial flows continue to be overwhelmingly nature-negative, threatening biodiversity, climate resilience, and long-term economic stability. What is the State of Finance for Nature (SFN) 2026? Core Functions of the SFN Report 1. Tracking Global Capital Flows 2. Assessing Progress under Rio Conventions The report evaluates whether finance is aligned with commitments under: 3. Promoting Nature-based Solutions (NbS) SFN provides a financial roadmap to transition from a nature-eroding economy to a nature-positive economy using Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Nature-based Solutions include: Key Findings of the SFN 2026 Report 1. A Massive Nature Finance Gap 2. Dominance of Nature-Negative Finance 3. Environmentally Harmful Subsidies (EHS) 4. Private Sector’s Negative Footprint 5. Public Sector Dominates Nature-Positive Finance 6. Nature Risk = Financial Risk Read more>> 4. Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC 3.0) Source: TOI Why in News? The 3rd meeting of the Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC 3.0) was held in Kochi, Kerala, on 23 January 2026, chaired by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal. What is the IWDC? The Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC) is a high-level institutional mechanism set up by the Government of India to review, coordinate, and accelerate development and utilisation of inland waterways for cargo and passenger transport, and explore ecosystem linkages to economic growth. IWDC 3.0 Objectives of IWDC 3.0 5. Indian Railways’ First Humanoid Robot – ‘ASC ARJUN’ Source: IE Why in News? Indian Railways deployed its first humanoid robot ‘ASC ARJUN’ at Visakhapatnam Railway Station, Andhra Pradesh, in January 2026. About ‘ASC ARJUN’ Key Capabilities 1. Security & Surveillance 2. Crowd Management 3. Platform Patrolling 6. Indian Army–IISc MoU on Indigenous AI Defence System Source: PIB Why in News? On 23 January 2026, the Indian Army signed an MoU with the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru to develop an indigenous AI-based defence system. Purpose of the AI System Key Features of the Collaboration 7. President inaugurates Granth Kutir at Rashtrapati Bhavan Source: TH Why in News? In January 2026, President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated “Granth Kutir”, a cultural and literary space at Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi, aimed at preserving and showcasing India’s rich intellectual and literary heritage. About Granth Kutir Key Objectives Classical Languages Represented Banking/Finance 1. Buyforex Secures In-Principle PSP Approval at GIFT IFSC Source: TH Why in News? In January 2026, Buyforex, a wholly owned entity of EbixCash World Money (subsidiary of Eraaya Lifespaces Ltd.), received in-principle approval for Payment Service Provider (PSP) authorisation from the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) at GIFT IFSC. Key Significance What is a Payment Service Provider (PSP)? A Payment Service Provider (PSP) is an entity authorised by a financial regulator to offer, facilitate, and manage payment services, including digital payments, e-money, merchant payments, and cross-border fund transfers, in a regulated and secure manner. PSP Authorisation in India Regulatory Authorities Permitted Services under PSP Approval Buyforex is authorised to provide four regulated payment services: 2. PFRDA sets up SAARG to Modernise NPS Investment Framework Source: TOI Why in News? The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) has constituted a high-level expert committee to overhaul and modernise the investment framework of the National Pension System (NPS) in line with global best practices. About the Committee Mandate of SAARG Core Objectives Composition of the Panel The committee includes experts from: 3. PFRDA Introduces ‘NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme’ Source: Business Standard Why in News? The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) has allowed the launch of the NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme as a Proof of Concept (PoC) under its Regulatory Sandbox Framework, marking a first attempt to integrate health-related benefits with India’s pension system. What is the NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme? Key Objectives Key Features of the Pilot Scheme 1. Regulatory Sandbox & PoC 2. Partial Withdrawals for Medical Needs 3. Premature Exit for Critical Treatment 4. Transfer from Existing NPS Accounts 5. Exit Safeguards 4. RBI Updates Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Rules Source: Economic Times Why in

Daily Current Affairs Quiz23&24 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. United States Set to Formally Withdraw from the World Health Organization (WHO) Source: TH What is the news? The United States is set to formally withdraw from the World Health Organization (WHO) after completing the mandatory one-year notice period, despite widespread concerns over the impact on global health governance, pandemic preparedness, and U.S. public health interests. About the World Health Organization (WHO) Establishment & Headquarters Historical Background Core Functions of WHO National Affairs 1. Global Water Bankruptcy Report Source: Down To Earth (DTE) What is the news? The UNU-INWEH has released a flagship report titled “Global Water Bankruptcy: Living Beyond Our Hydrological Means in the Post-Crisis Era”, warning that large parts of the world have entered a permanent state of water insolvency, where water use exceeds renewable and safe limits. What is “Water Bankruptcy”? Key Data & Findings Major Causes Identified 2. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Source: IE Context: Parakram Diwas–2026 being organised in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to mark the 129th Birth Anniversary of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. Who was Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose? Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was a revolutionary nationalist leader who championed complete independence (Purna Swaraj) through assertive and military means, offering a decisive ideological alternative to the predominantly non-violent strategy of India’s freedom movement. Early Life Role in the Freedom Movement 1. Radical Congress Leadership 2. Demand for Purna Swaraj 3. Socialist Economic Vision 4. Ideological Challenge within INC 5. Forward Bloc 3. Operation Megaburu Source: The Times of India (TOI) What is the news? Operation Megaburu, a major anti-Maoist counter-insurgency operation in Jharkhand’s West Singhbhum district, led to the killing of 16 Maoists, including senior CPI (Maoist) leader Anal alias Patiram Manjhi. The operation marks one of the most significant blows to Maoist leadership in the State in recent years. What is Operation Megaburu? Key Details 4. Governor’s Power to Address the State Legislature What is the issue? Several States have witnessed disputes over the Governor’s Address to the State Legislature, raising concerns about constitutional propriety, the limits of gubernatorial discretion, and adherence to the principle of responsible government. What is the Governor’s Address? Constitutional Provisions Involved Nature of the Governor’s Powers 5. Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary Source: The Hindu What is Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary? Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary is a high-altitude protected area and a designated Important Bird Area (IBA) in East Sikkim, forming part of India’s eastern Himalayan frontier with exceptional ecological and strategic significance. Location Neighbouring Regions Biogeography & Ecology 6. Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework Source: PIB What is the news? The Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), General Anil Chauhan, has released the Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework, marking India’s first structured roadmap to integrate quantum technologies into the Indian Armed Forces. What is the Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework? Objectives 7. India ranks 8th globally in AI investment: WEF White Paper Source: BS What is the news? India has been ranked 8th among 11 major economies in terms of historical accumulated investment in Artificial Intelligence (AI) between 2010 and 2024, measured as a percentage of 2024 GDP, according to a WEF white paper released in Davos. Key Rankings (AI Investment as % of 2024 GDP) Rank Country / Region Investment (% of GDP) 1 United States 3.4 – 5.1 2 Singapore 3.1 – 4.6 3 South Korea 2.2 – 3.3 4 China 1.7 – 2.6 5 UAE 1.5 – 2.3 6 Japan 1.5 – 2.2 7 Canada 1.5 – 2.2 8 India 1.2 – 1.8 9 UK 1.4 – 2.0 10 Europe (excl. UK) 1.1 – 1.6 11 Brazil 0.7 – 1.1 Key Findings of the Report Global AI Investment Trends 8. LR-AShM (Long Range Anti-Ship Hypersonic Missile) Source: The Hindu Context: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will showcase India’s advanced indigenous defence technologies at the 77th Republic Day parade and Bharat Parv 2026. A major highlight will be the display of the Long Range Anti-Ship Hypersonic Missile (LR-AShM) along with a dedicated DRDO tableau. About LR-AShM (Long Range Anti-Ship Hypersonic Missile) 9. Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework Source: PIB Context: The Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) General Anil Chauhan released the Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework, providing a structured roadmap for the integration of quantum technologies across the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force. About Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework Objective Key Focus Areas Banking/Finance 1. Net FDI Negative for Fourth Consecutive Month in November 2025 Source: The Hindu What is the news? India’s net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) remained negative for the fourth consecutive month in November 2025, with outflows exceeding inflows by $446 million, according to RBI data. Net Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) has also been negative so far in FY 2025–26, reflecting rising investor uncertainty. What is Net FDI? Net Foreign Direct Investment (Net FDI) is the balance between foreign direct investment inflows into a country and outflows from that country over a given period. Net FDI = Gross FDI Inflows – (Repatriation+Disinvestment+Outward FDI) FDI Composition Outward FDI Trends Why is this important? 2. Reinsurance Source: The Indian Express What is the news? Global reinsurers, along with Indian insurers, have paid $125 million (≈ ₹1,125 crore) to Air India towards hull and engine loss arising from the Ahmedabad air crash involving an Air India aircraft. What is Reinsurance? Reinsurance is insurance for insurance companies. It is a risk-transfer mechanism in which an insurance company (cedant) transfers a part of its risk to another insurer called the reinsurer, in exchange for a reinsurance premium. Purpose: How Reinsurance Works Policyholder → Insurer (Cedant) → Reinsurer Types of Reinsurance (Important for IRDAI Exam) 1. Facultative Reinsurance 2. Treaty Reinsurance Methods of Reinsurance A. Proportional Reinsurance Types: B. Non-Proportional Reinsurance Key type for this event: Reinsurance & Air India Crash Aspect Relevance Hull & engine loss Covered under aviation insurance $125 million payout Paid mainly by reinsurers Indian insurers Acted as cedants Passenger liability Separate liability insurance Risk spread Across global reinsurance market Important Reinsurance Terms for IRDAI Exam

Daily Current Affairs Quiz22 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. Spain Joins Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) Source: NIE Why in News? About the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) Launch Details Strategic Foundation 2. Arabian Sea Why in News? Unusual boiling or bubbling of seawater has been reported in the Arabian Sea, off the Gujarat coast, triggering concern among fishermen and authorities. About the Arabian Sea Bordering Countries Major Basins National Affairs 1. National Legislative Index (NLI) Source: PIB Why in News? At the 86th All India Presiding Officers’ Conference, Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla announced the initiation of a National Legislative Index (NLI) to objectively assess the performance of legislatures in India. What is the National Legislative Index (NLI)? Objectives of NLI 2. Operation Trashi-I Why in News? Operation Trashi-I entered its fourth day in January 2026 as security forces intensified counter-terrorism operations in the forested areas of Kishtwar district, Jammu & Kashmir. What is Operation Trashi-I? 3. Judicial Removal Source: TH Why in News? Constitutional Provisions Involved Statutory Framework Grounds for Removal Procedure for Removal of a Judge 4. First ‘Made in India’ C-295 Aircraft Source: IE Why in News? India’s first fully Made-in-India C-295 military transport aircraft will roll out before September 2026, marking a major milestone in indigenous defence manufacturing. The announcement was made by External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar. About the C-295 Programme Production & Indigenisation 5. Chief Economists Outlook: World Economic Forum (WEF) Source: BS Why in News? South Asia has emerged as the most optimistic region globally in terms of economic growth outlook, according to the latest Chief Economists Outlook released by the WEF. Key Findings: South Asia Growth Expectations Inflation Outlook Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Comparative Regional Sentiment (Growth Expectations) Region Strong / Very Strong Growth (%) South Asia 66 East Asia & Pacific 45 China 24 United States 11 Europe 3 6. Cabinet Approves Continuation of Atal Pension Yojana (APY) till 2030–31 Source: PIB Context: The Union Cabinet, chaired by Narendra Modi, has approved the continuation of the Atal Pension Yojana (APY) up to 2030–31, along with extended funding for outreach, development, and gap funding. About Atal Pension Yojana (APY) Launch Details Implementing Authority Objectives Key Features 7. Section 17A of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 Source: The Hindu Why in News? A two-judge Bench of the Supreme Court of India delivered a split verdict (2026) on the constitutional validity of Section 17A of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, which mandates prior approval before investigating public servants. What is Section 17A? Key Features of Section 17A 8. DIBD–Survey of India MoU for Toponymic Data Digitisation Source: PIB Context: The Digital India BHASHINI Division (DIBD) under MeitY signed an MoU with the Survey of India (SoI) to digitise, transcribe, and standardise geographical place names (toponyms) across India using AI-based language technologies. Participating Institutions Objective SoI–BHASHINI Collaboration Role of Survey of India (SoI) Role of DIBD / BHASHINI About BHASHINI (BHASHa INterface for India) Banking/Finance 1. Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) Source: ET Context: The Union Cabinet, chaired by Narendra Modi, approved an equity infusion of ₹5,000 crore into the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) to expand credit availability for MSMEs and strengthen its balance sheet. About SIDBI Establishment & Legal Status Key Functions of SIDBI 1. Refinance Support 2. Direct Lending to MSMEs 3. Collateral-Free & Digital Credit 4. Venture Debt & Startup Financing 5. Developmental & Handholding Role 6. Support to Microfinance Institutions 2. PhonePe receives SEBI approval for IPO Source: ET Context: Fintech major PhonePe has received SEBI’s approval to proceed with its Initial Public Offering (IPO) and is expected to file an Updated Draft Red Herring Prospectus (UDRHP) shortly. The move clears the way for one of India’s most anticipated fintech IPOs in the near future. IPO (Initial Public Offering) IPO (Initial Public Offering) refers to the process by which a private company offers its shares to the public for the first time and gets listed on a stock exchange (in India, mainly BSE and NSE). Objectives of an IPO IPO Process in India Types of IPO About PhonePe 3. Monthly State of the Economy Report: RBI Report Source: BS Why in News? The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), in its Monthly State of the Economy Report, highlighted a sharp increase in credit flow to the commercial sector. Key Findings of the RBI Report Credit Growth Drivers of Credit Expansion 1. Rural Demand Revival 2. Gradual Recovery in Urban Demand GDP Outlook (FY26) Role of Non-Bank Financial Sources 4. NITI Aayog Suggests ₹13,000 crore Schemes for MSME Decarbonisation Source: BS Why in News? NITI Aayog has recommended ₹13,000 crore worth of schemes to support decarbonisation of MSMEs, addressing rising energy costs and tightening global environmental norms. Background Key Recommendations by NITI Aayog 1. Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Scheme 2. PM-Suryaghar–like Solar Rooftop Scheme for MSMEs 5. RBI Guidelines on Interest Subvention for Export Credit under NIRYAT PROTSAHAN Source: News on Air Context: In January 2026, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued operational guidelines for extending interest subvention on pre- and post-shipment export credit under the Export Promotion Mission (EPM) – NIRYAT PROTSAHAN (Component-I). NIRYAT PROTSAHAN – Interest Subvention Component Objective Eligibility Framework Eligible Lending Institutions Eligible Exporters Scope of Coverage 6. RBI Grants In-Principle Approval to Payoneer India as PA-CB Context: RBI granted in-principle approval to Payoneer India Pvt. Ltd. to operate as a Payment Aggregator – Cross Border (PA-CB). Purpose About Payoneer PA-CB Approval Operations Target Beneficiaries Regulatory Conditions for Non-Bank PA-CBs Facts To Remember 1. Himachal CM Inaugurates Helicopter Services in Shimla The initiative aims to boost air connectivity and tourism in the hill State. Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu, Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, inaugurated helicopter services from Sanjauli heliport, Shimla. 2. NASA astronaut Sunita Williams retires after 27-year stellar career NASA astronaut Sunita Williams has retired from the space agency, capping a stellar 27-year career during which she completed three missions aboard the International Space Station and set various human spaceflight

Daily Current Affairs Quiz21 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. UNESCO Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Alliance Why in News? The UNESCO Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Alliance has announced the election of its first-ever Global Board, marking a significant milestone in strengthening its institutional governance and global coordination. What is the UNESCO MIL Alliance? Launch & Evolution Organisations Involved Objectives National Affairs 1. Reusable Rockets Source: TH Why in News? The global space industry is moving decisively towards rocket reusability as SpaceX’s Starship prepares for full-scale commercial operations, while Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) advances towards its Orbital Return Flight Experiment (OREX). These efforts aim to reduce launch costs by up to 80%, redefining access to space. What are Reusable Rockets? Why Rockets Have Multiple Stages Global Leaders vs India (Status by 2026) Feature Global Leaders (SpaceX / Blue Origin) India (ISRO) Recovery Method Vertical Take-off & Vertical Landing (VTVL) Winged RLV + Retro-propulsion Reuse Record Falcon 9 reused 30+ times Experimental stage Main Vehicle Falcon 9, Starship Pushpak (RLV-TD), NGLV Strategic Focus Commercial dominance, Mars Strategic autonomy, space station 2. Lok Sabha to Launch Digital Attendance System Source: TNIE Why in News? The Lok Sabha will introduce a digital attendance system from the Budget Session 2026 to ensure the physical presence of Members of Parliament (MPs) inside the House during sittings. What is the Digital Attendance System? Announced By Objectives How the System Works 3. Internet Governance Internship & Capacity Building Scheme (IGICBS) Source: PIB Why in News? The National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) has completed one year of the Internet Governance Internship & Capacity Building Scheme (IGICBS) and marked the milestone with a national-level event in New Delhi. What is IGICBS? Launch & Institutional Framework Objectives 4. Artemis II Mission Source: TOI Context: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has set February 6 as the target launch date for Artemis II, the first crewed lunar mission in over five decades, marking humanity’s return to crewed deep-space exploration since 1972. What is Artemis II? Organisations Involved Objectives 5. Young Ambassadors of Change Initiative Source: TOI Context: A government school in Tiruchirappalli (Trichy), Tamil Nadu, has launched an innovative value-education programme to inculcate moral values and social responsibility among children through daily practice rather than rote learning. What is the Young Ambassadors of Change Initiative? 6. Two New Rare Ant Fly Species Discovered Source: TH Context: Researchers have discovered two new, extremely rare ant fly species from Delhi and the Western Ghats, highlighting the hidden biodiversity of urban forests and recognised biodiversity hotspots. What are Ant Flies? Newly Discovered Species 1. Metadon ghorpadei Key Features 2. Metadon reemeri Key Features 7. Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Notified as Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) Source: TOI Context: The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has notified the Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary as an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) to strengthen conservation efforts in the Aravalli Range. About Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Location & Extent What is an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ)? Legal Basis 8. 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of the Commonwealth (CSPOC) Source: PIB Context: India hosted the 28th Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of the Commonwealth (CSPOC) from January 14–16, 2026, marking the fourth time the country has hosted this prestigious parliamentary forum. About CSPOC 2026 Chairmanship Handover 9. 5th Edition of INS Sagardhwani Flagged Off for Sagar Maitri V (SM-5) Source: PIB Why in News? In January 2026, INS Sagardhwani was flagged off for the 5th edition of the Sagar Maitri initiative (SM-5) from Southern Naval Command, Kochi, strengthening India’s oceanographic cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). About Sagar Maitri Programme Vision Objective MAITRI Framework Sagar Maitri V (SM-5) Participating Countries (8 IOR nations) About INS Sagardhwani Historical Significance Banking/Finance 1. EPFO 3.0 Source: ET Context: The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) is set to roll out EPFO 3.0, a major digital upgrade involving a new portal, backend software overhaul, and AI-powered language translation, aimed at improving service delivery and accessibility. What is EPFO 3.0 EPFO 3.0 represents the next phase of digital transformation of provident fund services, moving beyond incremental fixes to a core system overhaul, similar to a banking-style core platform. Key Features Objectives 2. Centre May Amend Sarfaesi Act Source: BS Context: The Union government is considering amendments to the Sarfaesi Act, 2002 to remove legal ambiguities, enhance oversight of the Central Registry, and improve ease of doing business. Key Institution Involved What is the SARFAESI Act, 2002? What is the Proposed Amendment Present Legal Position What is CERSAI? Legal Basis 3. RRB Amalgamation Source: ET Context: The Ministry of Finance will hold a high-level review meeting on January 30 to assess the performance of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) after their latest amalgamation. What is RRB Amalgamation? Objectives of RRB Amalgamation Phases of RRB Amalgamation Phase-wise Consolidation Institutional Framework 4. RBI Recognises FEDAI as Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO) for Authorised Dealers Source: BL Context: In January 2026, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recognised the Foreign Exchange Dealers’ Association of India (FEDAI) as a Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO) for all Authorised Dealers (ADs) under the RBI’s Omnibus Framework for SROs. Key Details of RBI Recognition About FEDAI 5. Canara Bank Partners with NBSL to Integrate UPI into Canara ai1Pe Source: BS Context: In January 2026, Canara Bank partnered with NPCI BHIM Services Limited (NBSL) to integrate Unified Payments Interface (UPI) technology into its payment application Canara ai1Pe. Key Details of the Partnership What is the Integration About? About NBSL’s Plugin-Based UPI Model Facts To Remember 1. Govt may remove small-car exception in CAFE-3 norms The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) is considering removing the special exemption for very small petrol cars in the final notification of Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency Phase-3 (CAFE-3) norms. 2. RBI approves Kaizad Bharucha as HDFC Bank Whole-Time Director The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved the re-appointment of Kaizad Bharucha as a Whole-Time Director (Deputy Managing Director) on the board of HDFC Bank. 3. IMF Raises India’s Economic Growth Forecast to

Daily Current Affairs Quiz20 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. Pax Silica Source: The Hindu Context: The Pax Silica initiative, launched by the United States in December 2025, aims to secure rare earth elements (REEs), semiconductor, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) supply chains, reduce coercive dependencies, and build trusted digital infrastructure. India is expected to be invited to join, reflecting its growing role in the global digital and AI ecosystem. What is Pax Silica? Key Members & Observers Core participants Observers National Affairs 1. India–UAE Pledge to Double Bilateral Trade to $200 Billion Source: ET Context: India and the UAE have agreed to double their bilateral trade to USD 200 billion by 2032 and jointly reaffirmed their commitment to counter terrorism in all its forms, strengthening the India–UAE Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. What is the India–UAE Pledge? A broad strategic understanding to deepen cooperation across: Key Provisions of the Agreement Area Key Provisions Key Details / Implications Trade & Economic Cooperation Target to double bilateral trade Bilateral trade aimed at USD 200 billion by 2032 Builds on India–UAE CEPA (2022) Reduced tariffs; boosted services and investment flows Priority sectors Manufacturing, services, digital trade, supply-chain integration Energy Partnership Long-term LNG agreement USD 3 billion deal: ADNOC Gas to supply LNG to HPCL for 10 years Strategic energy shift India becomes UAE’s largest LNG customer Broader energy cooperation Civil nuclear energy, energy infrastructure, clean energy transition Defence & Security Strategic Defence Partnership Letter of Intent to conclude a formal partnership Counter-terrorism Joint condemnation of terrorism in all forms Security cooperation Defence manufacturing, intelligence sharing, maritime security Space & Advanced Technology Space collaboration LoI on joint space infrastructure development and commercialisation Digital infrastructure Establishment of a supercomputing cluster in India Frontier technologies Cooperation in AI, high-performance computing, space applications Investment & Infrastructure Industrial development UAE participation in Special Investment Region at Dholera, Gujarat Financial services expansion DP World and First Abu Dhabi Bank operations in GIFT City Strategic objective Strengthens India’s role as a global financial and logistics hub 2. Environmental Protection Fund (EPF) Source: The Times of India Context: The Union Government has notified detailed rules for the utilisation and administration of the Environmental (Protection) Fund, giving operational effect to provisions introduced under the Jan Vishwas Act, 2023. The Fund aims to ensure that penalties collected for environmental violations are reinvested into environmental protection and restoration. What is the Environmental (Protection) Fund? Legal Basis Nodal Authority Objectives 3. Indian Skimmer Conservation Project Launched Context: The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), in collaboration with the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), has launched a new conservation project to protect the endangered Indian Skimmer and its breeding habitats across the Ganga River Basin. About the Indian Skimmer Habitat Conservation Status Key Characteristics Threats to the Species About the Conservation Project 4. Export Promotion Mission (EPM) Source: News on Air Context: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued operational guidelines for extending interest subvention on export credit under Niryat Protsahan, bringing eligible exporters under the ambit of the Export Promotion Mission (EPM)—a flagship, mission-mode export framework announced in the Union Budget 2025–26. What is the Export Promotion Mission (EPM)? The Export Promotion Mission (EPM) is a unified national, mission-mode framework aimed at strengthening India’s export competitiveness by integrating: It replaces fragmented export-support schemes with an outcome-linked, digitally driven approach. Key Details Established in Mission Period Nodal Implementing Agency Objectives Structure of Export Promotion Mission Two Integrated Sub-Schemes 1. Niryat Protsahan (Financial Enablers) 2. Niryat Disha (Non-Financial Enablers) 5. Parbati Giri Context: The Prime Minister of India paid tribute to Parbati Giri on her birth centenary, recalling her fearless participation in India’s freedom struggle and her lifelong dedication to social service, especially among marginalised communities in western Odisha. Who was Parbati Giri? Early Life 5. Hooghly River Mapped Using Drones Source: The Times of India Context: For the first time, State Mission for Clean Ganga (SMCG), West Bengal, has begun deploying drones to map pollution sources along a 120-km stretch of the Hooghly River, marking a technology-driven approach to river rejuvenation under the Clean Ganga framework. About the Hooghly River Origin Course Major Tributaries River System 6. Tamil Nadu Assured Pension Scheme (TAPS) Context: The Tamil Nadu government has introduced a new hybrid pension model called the Tamil Nadu Assured Pension Scheme (TAPS) to address long-standing demands from government employees for pension security while avoiding the heavy fiscal burden of the Old Pension Scheme (OPS). Why TAPS was introduced What is TAPS? TAPS is a hybrid pension scheme combining features of: It aims to provide assured, inflation-linked pension while retaining employee contributions. Key Features of TAPS 7. India ranks 6th in Asia Manufacturing Index 2026 Source: BS Context: India has ranked sixth among 11 Asian countries in the Asia Manufacturing Index (AMI) 2026, which assesses the relative competitiveness of manufacturing economies across eight pillars and 43 sub-parameters. The ranking highlights India’s strong economic and workforce fundamentals but flags persistent structural and policy bottlenecks. Overall Rankings (Top & Bottom) India’s Performance Snapshot India retains its 6th position for the second consecutive year: The index describes India as exhibiting a “unique duality” — strong growth momentum alongside deep-seated structural constraints. Pillars Used in the Index Countries are evaluated across 8 key pillars: Scores are on a scale of 100, with higher scores indicating stronger performance. India’s Pillar-wise Ranking Pillar Rank Economy 3 Workforce 1 Infrastructure 4 Innovation 5 Business environment 6 Political risk 9 International trade 9 Tax policy 9 8. Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) Source: PIB What is the News? On 15 January 2026, Union MoS (IC) Dr Jitendra Singh announced the deployment of 200 Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) across four major Indian cities to strengthen urban weather observation and forecasting. Announcement Details Key Features of the Initiative Coverage Objective New Facilities Inaugurated at IMD As part of the foundation day celebrations, the following were inaugurated: 9. 17th Trilateral Coast Guard Exercise DOSTI-17 What is the News? The 17th edition of the trilateral Coast Guard exercise ‘DOSTI-17’ involving

Daily Current Affairs Quiz18 & 19 January, 2026 International Affairs 1. United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Context: On 23 January 2026, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) will celebrate its 80th anniversary, marking eight decades of coordinating global action on development. About ECOSOC Key Functions 2. UN Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Treaty Context: The BBNJ Treaty has entered into force after surpassing the required 60 ratifications, establishing the first legally binding global framework to conserve biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (the High Seas). About the BBNJ Treaty Targets National Affairs 1. SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages Abadi and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Area) Scheme Context: The Government of India plans to leverage high-resolution drone survey data generated under the SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages Abadi and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Area) scheme to improve rural civic infrastructure, beyond its original objective of providing legal property ownership records. About SVAMITVA Scheme 2. India Emerges as a Global Cooperative Powerhouse Context: The United Nations declared 2025 as the International Year of Cooperatives (IYC), recognizing the global importance of cooperatives. India has leveraged this momentum under the vision of “Sahkar Se Samriddhi”, becoming a major global player in cooperative development. Sahkar Se Samriddhi “Sahkar Se Samriddhi” is the vision and policy framework of the Government of India for strengthening the cooperative sector. Cooperatives Cooperatives are member-owned and member-managed organizations formed to meet the common economic, social, or cultural needs of their members. They operate on the principle of mutual help, democratic control, and shared benefits. Importance of Cooperatives in India Key Initiatives Taken for Cooperatives 3. Chips to Start-up (C2S) Programme Source: PIB Context: The Chips to Start-up (C2S) Programme has recently highlighted its tangible outcomes: 56 student-designed chips fabricated, 75+ patents filed, and extensive chip design training, reflecting India’s growing indigenous semiconductor design capability. About the Programme Key Features Feature Details Outlay ₹250 crore (5 years) Human Resource Targets 200 PhDs, 7,000 M.Tech (VLSI), 8,800 M.Tech (related streams with VLSI), 69,000 B.Tech students Infrastructure Access Shared EDA tools, HPC, FPGA boards, and SMART labs Hands-on Fabrication Shared wafer runs via Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL), Mohali Chip Design Enablement National ChipIN Centre operated by C-DAC, Bengaluru Innovation Outcomes Start-up incubation, patents, IP cores, ASICs, SoCs Industry Collaboration Training with global EDA and semiconductor firms 4. Second Range-Wide Dolphin Survey Source: News on Air Context: The second range-wide Dolphin Survey has been launched from Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh under Project Dolphin to update population estimates, assess habitats, and evaluate threats to riverine and estuarine dolphins. About Project Dolphin About the Second Range-Wide Dolphin Survey 5. BRICS Plus Naval Exercise Source: Mint Context: India’s decision to skip the BRICS Plus naval exercise “Will for Peace 2026” has been highlighted in international discussions. New Delhi clarified that these drills are not institutionalised BRICS activities and that its non-participation was a considered political choice amid evolving geopolitics. About BRICS Plus Naval Exercises Participants Key Features 6. PM Launches ₹6,957-Crore Kaziranga Elevated Corridor Project Source: TH Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for the ₹6,957-crore Kaziranga elevated corridor project in Assam’s Kaliabor and virtually flagged off two Amrit Bharat trains from the poll-bound State. The event combined infrastructure rollout with political messaging ahead of upcoming elections. Key Project Details Kaziranga National Park 7. World’s Largest Green Hydrogen & Ammonia Project: Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh Source: TH Context: India is aggressively promoting green energy and decarbonisation, aiming to meet net-zero targets by 2070. Green hydrogen is a key focus for the National Hydrogen Mission, providing a clean alternative to fossil fuels in industries like fertilizers, steel, and transport. Location: Developer & Investment: Capacity & Phases: 8. Womaniya Initiative – Government e-Marketplace (GeM) Context: India has been promoting women entrepreneurship, self-reliance, and MSME empowerment under national initiatives like Aatmanirbhar Bharat, Make in India, and Vocal for Local. Public procurement has historically underutilized women-led enterprises. The ‘Womaniya Initiative’ seeks to bridge this gap by enabling direct access to government buyers for women entrepreneurs and SHGs. The initiative aligns with efforts to increase inclusivity in economic participation and strengthen the women-led MSE ecosystem. Event: Objective: About Government e-Marketplace (GeM): 9. INDIA LAUNCHES RESPONSIBLE NATIONS INDEX (RNI) 2026 Source: News on Air Launch Details Key Highlights: Global Ranking – Top & Notable Nations Rank Country Score 1 Singapore 0.61945 2 Switzerland 0.58692 3 Denmark 0.58372 4 Cyprus 0.57737 5 Sweden 0.57397 10 Georgia 0.55805 15 Norway 0.55291 16 India 0.55151 17 France 0.54835 25 United Kingdom 0.53849 50 Indonesia 0.51992 66 USA 0.50880 68 China 0.50547 81 Brazil 0.49324 88 South Africa 0.48539 90 Pakistan 0.48336 96 Russia 0.47896 145 Afghanistan 0.41398 146 North Korea 0.41329 152 South Sudan 0.37389 153 Syria 0.37254 154 Central African Republic 0.35715 Banking/Finance 1. Tax-Saving Investments Context: With less than three months left in FY26, investors under the old tax regime often rush to make tax-saving investments. Experts warn that last-minute, deduction-driven choices may compromise long-term financial stability and liquidity. Key Considerations for Tax Planning Major Tax-Saving Instruments 2. RBI Proposes Linking BRICS Digital Currencies for Cross-Border Payments Source: TOI Context: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recommended to the Government of India that a proposal to link the Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) of BRICS countries be included in the agenda of the 2026 BRICS Summit. The move aims to facilitate smoother cross-border payments among member nations. About the Proposal What are BRICS Digital Currencies? BRICS Digital Currencies refer to Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) issued by BRICS member states and proposals to link or interoperate these CBDCs for cross-border payments, trade settlement, and financial cooperation. It is not a single BRICS currency, but a network of national digital currencies. Key Countries & Their CBDCs Is this De-Dollarisation? 3. Nominal GDP Growth for FY27 Likely at 10–10.5% Source: BS Context: Ahead of the Union Budget 2026–27, a Business Standard poll of economists indicates that the government is likely to assume nominal GDP growth of 10–10.5% for

Daily Current Affairs Quiz16&17 January, 2026 National Affairs 1. The Global Risks Report 2026 Source: WEF Context: The World Economic Forum (WEF) has identified geo-economic confrontation as the top short-term global risk in its Global Risks Report 2026, surpassing armed conflict. This reflects escalating trade wars, sanctions regimes, and the strategic weaponisation of economic tools. About the Global Risks Report 2026 Key Findings Implications and Challenges for India WEF Recommendations 2. NITI Aayog Report: Achieving Efficiencies in MSME Sector through Convergence of Schemes Source: PIB Context: In January 2026, NITI Aayog released a comprehensive report advocating convergence of MSME schemes to reduce duplication, enhance efficiency, and improve last-mile delivery amid rising public expenditure on MSMEs. About the Report Objective of the Report MSME Sector: Key Facts Rationale for Scheme Convergence Major MSME Initiatives Challenges in Scheme Convergence Key Recommendations 3. Amended Forest Conservation Guidelines 2026 Context: In January 2026, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) amended the Forest Conservation Guidelines under the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam to allow non-government participation in restoring degraded forest land. About the Amended Guidelines Key Amendments 4. IndiaAI Mission Context: IndiaAI, an Independent Business Division under Digital India Corporation of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, in collaboration with the National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA), has launched the IndiaAI Financial Reporting Compliance Challenge. What it is The IndiaAI Mission is a national mission of the Government of India aimed at building a robust, inclusive, and responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) ecosystem aligned with India’s developmental priorities. It seeks to position India as a global hub for AI innovation, while ensuring ethical use, social inclusion, and economic impact. Nodal Ministry & Implementation Objectives Key Pillars of the IndiaAI Mission 1. IndiaAI Compute Capacity 2. IndiaAI Innovation Centre 3. IndiaAI Datasets Platform 4. IndiaAI Application Development Initiative 5. IndiaAI FutureSkills 6. Responsible AI Framework 5. CSIR-NIScPR 5th Foundation Day & SVASTIK Portal Launch Source: PIB Context: The CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (CSIR-NIScPR) celebrated its 5th Foundation Day on 14 January 2026 in New Delhi, highlighting its work in science communication, policy research, AI-enabled multilingual outreach, and traditional knowledge validation. About CSIR-NIScPR SVASTIK Web Portal Launched What is SVASTIK? SVASTIK stands for Scientifically Validated Societal Traditional Knowledge. Key Features of the SVASTIK Portal 6. Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2024 Source: PIB Context: The NITI Aayog released the Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2024 on 14 January 2026, offering a comprehensive assessment of export readiness across Indian States and Union Territories (UTs). Purpose of EPI Framework & Coverage Pillars of EPI 2024 Export Infrastructure (20%) Business Ecosystem (40%) Policy & Governance (20%) Export Performance (20%) New dimensions added in 2024: Classification of States & UTs Top Performing States & UTs (EPI 2024) A. Large States – Leaders B. Small States, North-East & UTs – Leaders 7ect India’s push towards digital governance, export competitiveness, cultural diplomacy, AI-driven regulation, and global leadership in energy, justice, and sustainability. If you want next: 7. Project Suncatcher Context: Google (via Google Research) has unveiled Project Suncatcher, a research initiative exploring AI datacentres in low-Earth orbit (LEO) powered entirely by solar energy, aimed at addressing AI’s rapidly growing electricity demand. About Project Suncatcher A concept and research programme to deploy AI datacentres in space, operating in LEO and running continuously on solar power to support energy-intensive AI workloads. Aim How It Works 8. Kruger National Park Context: Kruger National Park was temporarily closed to day visitors after severe flooding, caused by prolonged heavy rainfall leading to multiple rivers overflowing. About Kruger National Park Location 9. Lokpal of India Context: The Lokpal of India observed its Foundation Day on 16 January 2026, marking the date on which the institution legally came into force in 2014. About Lokpal of India Legal Basis and Establishment Composition Eligibility Criteria Chairperson Judicial Members Non-Judicial Members Powers and Functions 10. Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Source: IE Context: Shri Praveen Vashista, IPS (Bihar cadre, 1991 batch), has been appointed as Vigilance Commissioner in the Central Vigilance Commission and took oath on 16 January 2026. About the Central Vigilance Commission Establishment & Legal Status Composition & Tenure 11. 10 Years of StartUp India Source: PIB Context: On National StartUp Day (16 January 2026), the Prime Minister of India extended greetings as India completed 10 years of the StartUp India initiative, launched in 2016 to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. About StartUp India Launched on Objectives Key Features (19-Point Action Plan) 12. Dugongs Source: The Hindu Context: The Union government’s Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has asked Tamil Nadu to revise the design of the proposed International Dugong Conservation Centre at Manora (Thanjavur). About Dugongs Habitat Conservation Status 13. Sammakka–Saralamma Jatara Context: Telangana is preparing for the biennial Sammakka–Saralamma Jatara beginning 28 January 2026, along with large-scale redevelopment of the sacred precinct at Medaram. About Sammakka–Saralamma Jatara Where it is held Agriculture 1. India–Israel Joint Declaration on Fisheries and Aquaculture Context: India and Israel signed a Joint Ministerial Declaration of Intent to deepen cooperation in fisheries and aquaculture during the Global Summit on Blue Food Security 2026 held in Eilat. About the Joint Declaration A bilateral cooperation framework between India and Israel aimed at strengthening fisheries and aquaculture through technology transfer, joint research, innovation, and capacity building, aligned with sustainable and climate-resilient development goals. Key Features Facts To Remember 1. NHAI Pilot for Real-Time Stray Cattle Safety Alerts on National Highways The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has launched a pilot project to deliver real-time safety alerts to highway users approaching stray cattle–prone zones, as part of Road Safety Month 2026. The initiative aims to reduce accidents caused by sudden cattle movement, especially during fog and low-visibility conditions. 2. New Delhi World Book Fair (NDWBF) 2026 The 53rd New Delhi World Book Fair 2026 has begun at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, and will run till 18 January 2026. For the first time, entry is free to promote

Daily Current Affairs Quiz15 January, 2026 National Affairs 1. INSV Kaundinya Context: The INSV Kaundinya, a hand-stitched wooden sailing ship, successfully completed a historic voyage from Porbandar (India) to Muscat (Oman) in January 2026, retracing ancient Indian Ocean trade routes. It is named after Kaundinya, the legendary Indian mariner and merchant associated with early maritime trade between India and Southeast Asia. About INSV Kaundinya 2. Employment and Social Trends 2026 Report: ILO Source: TH Context: The International Labour Organization (ILO) has projected that the global unemployment rate will remain at a historically low level of 4.9% in 2026, affecting about 186 million people worldwide, according to its Employment and Social Trends 2026 report released in Geneva. Key Findings of the Report: 1. Low unemployment, but poor job quality 2. Slow decline in working poverty 3. Rising informality Regional and structural concerns ILO Director-General Gilbert F. Houngbo warned that these trends show “a lack of progress where it is needed most.” Trade and structural shifts 3. Kuki-Zo Council Reiterates Demand for Union Territory Source: TH Context: The Kuki-Zo Council (KZC) has reiterated its demand for a separate Union Territory (UT) for the Kuki-Zo tribes in Manipur, citing continued insecurity and loss of faith in the State administration following the ethnic violence that began in May 2023. The demand was conveyed to Amit Shah, Union Home Minister, through a memorandum submitted after a mass rally in Churachandpur district. What is the Kuki-Zo Council? The Kuki-Zo Council (KZC) is an umbrella socio-political organisation representing the Kuki-Zo tribal groups mainly in Manipur, and parts of Mizoram and Assam. It functions as a collective negotiating and coordinating platform for political, administrative, and security-related issues affecting the Kuki-Zo people. Who are the Kuki-Zo? 4. Responsible Nations Index (RNI) Source: News on Air Context: The World Intellectual Foundation (WIF) will launch the Responsible Nations Index (RNI) in collaboration with Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), IIM Mumbai, and the Dr Ambedkar International Centre. About the Responsible Nations Index The Responsible Nations Index is a global ranking framework that evaluates how responsibly countries: Aim To shift global benchmarking away from purely economic (GDP) or power-based (military strength) rankings towards a values-based assessment focused on: Key Features 5. 16th Assembly of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) Context: The 16th Assembly of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) concluded in Abu Dhabi, urging an accelerated global transition to renewable energy to meet climate and energy security goals. About IRENA Founded: 26 January 2009 (Bonn, Germany)Statute in force: 8 July 2010Headquarters: Masdar City, Abu Dhabi (UAE)India: Founding member Aim of IRENA To accelerate the global energy transition through sustainable and equitable use of renewables for: 6. BRICS India 2026 Source: TH Context: India has officially launched the BRICS India 2026 logo and website ahead of assuming the Chairmanship of BRICS in 2026. About BRICS India 2026 Logo Official visual identity of India’s BRICS Chairship 2026. Host: IndiaChairmanship period: Calendar year 2026Milestone: 20th anniversary of BRICS (2006–2026) Logo Theme & Features 7. Jharkhand Megaliths Source: TOI Context: The State of Jharkhand has initiated efforts to secure a UNESCO World Heritage Tag for its vast and unique megalithic landscapes, with the Chief Minister highlighting their significance at international platforms such as Davos and in the UK. What are Megaliths? Megaliths are large stone structures erected by prehistoric and early historic communities for multiple purposes, including: Common forms include: Region Unique Features 8. Shaksgam Valley Context: The Shaksgam Valley is in focus after China defended infrastructure activity following India’s protest. About Shaksgam Valley Also called the Trans-Karakoram Tract, a high-altitude region claimed by India but administered by China. Location History & Dispute 9. Kashi–Tamil Sangamam Source: TH Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi celebrated Pongal and highlighted the Kashi–Tamil Sangamam initiative as a powerful symbol of India’s cultural unity amid diversity, reinforcing the spirit of “Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat.” He articulated these views in a blog titled “Kashi-Tamil Sangamam and a tribute to ‘Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat’” and during Pongal celebrations in New Delhi. About Kashi–Tamil Sangamam A cultural, academic, and people-to-people exchange initiative that celebrates the civilisational links between Kashi (Varanasi) and Tamil Nadu. Key Highlights Banking/Finance 1. RBI Issues Norms for Internal Ombudsman in Banks & NBFCs Source: ET Context: In January 2026, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued fresh guidelines on the appointment and functioning of Internal Ombudsmen (IOs) in banks and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) to strengthen customer grievance redressal mechanisms. RBI has issued separate directions to provide category-specific clarity for banks and NBFCs. Who is an Internal Ombudsman (IO)? An Internal Ombudsman is an independent senior functionary within a regulated entity who: Key Objectives of the New Norms Key Features of RBI Guidelines 1. Mandatory Appointment 2. Independence & Tenure 3. Scope of Review 4. Binding Nature 5. Governance & Reporting 2. SMBC gets RBI’s in-principle Approval to set up Wholly Owned Subsidiary in India Source: BS Context: Japan’s Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) has received in-principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to establish a wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) in India. The approval allows SMBC to convert its existing branch-based operations into a locally incorporated subsidiary, the RBI said in a statement. What does the approval mean? Current SMBC presence in India SMBC currently operates through: These branches will be converted into the WOS once final approvals are granted. 3. Sebi Tightens Scrutiny of NFOs over Portfolio Overlap Context: India’s market regulator, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi), has begun closely scrutinising new fund offers (NFOs) for portfolio overlap with existing schemes, even as its draft proposals on the issue are yet to be notified. Key proposals in the consultation paper Cap on portfolio overlap Value and contra funds Corrective actions if overlap breaches limits If overlap exceeds permitted levels: 4. New Fund Offer (NFO) Context: India’s market regulator, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi), has intensified scrutiny of New Fund Offers (NFOs) to check portfolio overlap with existing mutual fund schemes,