Context: As the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) tightens screws on unsecured lending, digital lenders are diversifying into secured lending with products like micro loans against property, business loans for MSMEs and green financing. Key Highlights: Digital lenders Digital lenders are institutions that offer loans through digital channels, such as mobile apps or websites, rather than traditional in-person methods. Digital lending uses technology to automate and streamline the lending process, from application

Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) are investors or funds that invest in a country apart from the one where they are registered or headquartered. FIIs include investment banks, mutual funds, hedge funds, and pension funds. 

ODIs are vehicles that allow foreign investors to invest in Indian equities or equity derivatives without registering in the country.

Participatory notes (P-notes) are financial instruments that allow foreign investors to invest in India’s stock market without registering with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). P-notes are issued by registered foreign institutional investors (FIIs) to overseas investors. 

A certificate of deposit (CD) is a financial instrument that allows one to earn interest on a fixed amount of money that a person deposits with a bank for a set period of time:  In India, CDs are issued by scheduled commercial banks, regional rural banks, small finance banks, and All India Financial Institutions. They are governed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and are issued in dematerialized form. 

Liquidity means  available cash that banks need to meet short-term business and financial needs. Liquidity Adjustment Facility: