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Daily Current Affairs
30 July, 2026
1. EAM S. Jaishankar launched “SHANTI” at UN Headquarters, opening India’s campaign for a non-permanent UNSC seat for which term?
A. 2027–28
B. 2028–29
C. 2029–30
D. 2030–31
E. 2026–27
View Answer
Explanation: SHANTI (Securing Holistic Advancement through Norms, Trust and Integrity), launched 13 July 2026, opens India’s campaign for the 2028-29 non-permanent UNSC seat — the vote is scheduled for June 2027 during the 81st UNGA session. Jaishankar noted Indian-funded development projects run in 79 countries and championed the Women, Peace and Security agenda. The UNSC (est. 24 October 1945 under the UN Charter) has 15 members: P5 (China, France, Russia, UK, US with veto) + 10 non-permanent members elected by the UNGA for 2-year terms (five retire each year).
2. Madanapalle Municipality — emerging as a model “Zero Waste City” under SBM-Urban 2.0 — is in which state?
A. Telangana
B. Karnataka
C. Andhra Pradesh
D. Tamil Nadu
E. Maharashtra
View Answer
Explanation: Madanapalle (AP) uses source segregation (SWM Rules 2016), decentralised processing (composting/vermicomposting for wet waste, MRFs for dry), Refuse Derived Fuel for cement plants, RRR Centres and bio-mining of legacy dumpsites. SBM-Urban 2.0 (launched 1 October 2021, ~â‚ą1.41 lakh crore) targets “Garbage Free Cities” — with ODF+/ODF++/Water+ sanitation, legacy dumpsite remediation, 1-7 star Garbage Free City ratings and Swachh Survekshan (world’s largest cleanliness survey).
3. The Fields Medal 2026 was awarded at the ICM in Philadelphia. Who made history as only the THIRD woman in the medal’s 90-year history to receive it?
A. Maryam Mirzakhani
B. Maryna Viazovska
C. Hong Wang
D. Yu Deng
E. Karen Uhlenbeck
View Answer
Explanation: The 2026 Fields Medal (awarded 23 July at ICM Philadelphia by the International Mathematical Union; established 1936 from John Charles Fields’ trust) went to Yu Deng (Univ. of Chicago — Hilbert’s Sixth Problem/Boltzmann equation), John Pardon (Stony Brook — MNOP Conjecture/Calabi-Yau 3-folds), Jacob Tsimerman (Univ. of Toronto — Griffiths and AndrĂ©-Oort Conjectures), and Hong Wang (NYU Courant & IHES — 3D Kakeya Conjecture with Joshua Zahl), the third woman ever. Wang and Deng are the first Chinese-born recipients since Shing-Tung Yau (1982).
4. The e-Zero FIR system for cybercrime rests on which provision of the BNSS, 2023, that permits information about a cognizable offence to be given electronically irrespective of jurisdiction?
A. Section 154(1)
B. Section 173(1)
C. Section 193(2)
D. Section 105
E. Section 230
View Answer
Explanation: e-Zero FIR (operational in 18 States/UTs; nodal body I4C under MHA) rests on Section 173(1) of the BNSS 2023 — the provision replacing Section 154 CrPC — allowing electronic, jurisdiction-free reporting of cognizable offences. Three integration pillars: NCRP/Helpline 1930, State e-Crime Police Stations, and NCRB’s CCTNS. Aims: eliminate jurisdictional delays, instantly freeze defrauded funds, swiftly restore victims’ money. In 2025, 12,000+ e-Zero FIRs were registered — Delhi highest (6,115), then Chandigarh (4,174); complaints must convert to a regular FIR within 3 days.
5. The “DAANVEER” initiative of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj enables citizens to voluntarily contribute what to Gram Panchayats via the Meri Panchayat app?
A. Books for libraries
B. Computers (pre-approved bundles via DigiHaat)
C. Solar panels
D. Water purifiers
E. Cash donations
View Answer
Explanation: DAANVEER (launched by MoPR Secretary Vivek Bharadwaj) lets citizens/organisations contribute computers to Gram Panchayats through the Meri Panchayat app, integrated with the DigiHaat marketplace offering pre-approved bundles per State specifications — with verified institutional needs, end-to-end tracking, direct delivery (no cash intermediaries) and a digital certificate. It builds on the digital panchayat ecosystem: e-GramSwaraj, Meri Panchayat, Sabha Saar, AuditOnline and Gram Manchitra (GIS planning).
6. IRDAI approved the Policyholders’ Education and Protection Fund (PEPF) with an initial corpus of â‚ą800 crore. The PEPF is created under which provision?
A. Section 14 of the IRDAI Act, 1999
B. Section 16A of the IRDAI Act, 1999 (inserted by SBSR Act, 2025)
C. Section 64UM of the Insurance Act, 1938
D. Section 25 of the Insurance Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025
E. Section 10 of the LIC Act, 1956
View Answer
Explanation: The PEPF (initial corpus â‚ą800 crore) — created under Section 16A of the IRDAI Act 1999, inserted by the SBSR Act 2025 — promotes insurance awareness, grievance redressal, tech-driven services and recovery of unclaimed insurance amounts (the insurance analogue of RBI’s Depositor Education and Awareness Fund). Other reforms at the 28 July 2026 meeting: perpetual registration with annual fee for intermediaries (replacing periodic renewals), mandatory salesperson tagging on every proposal/policy, and the Penalties Regulations, 2026.
7. Which company received IRDAI registration, becoming the FOURTH new general insurer approved since January 2026?
A. Navi General Insurance
B. ProTec General Insurance
C. Galaxy Health Insurance
D. Kshema General Insurance
E. Zuno General Insurance
View Answer
Explanation: ProTec General Insurance became the fourth new general insurer registered since January 2026 — reflecting increased competition in the sector. Note: IRDAI is a statutory body under the IRDA Act, 1999, headquartered in Hyderabad.
8. The Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS) scheme — for which the fertiliser industry is seeking a mid-season Kharif 2026 hike — was launched on which date, and which fertiliser is NOT covered under it?
A. 1 April 2008; DAP not covered
B. 1 April 2010; Urea not covered
C. 1 April 2012; MOP not covered
D. 1 April 2010; DAP not covered
E. 1 April 2015; Urea not covered
View Answer
Explanation: NBS (launched 1 April 2010) covers Phosphatic and Potassic fertilisers, with subsidy based on N, P, K and S content, paid directly to companies. Urea is NOT covered and remains heavily subsidised — driving excess nitrogen use. Industry wants a mid-season hike as the West Asia conflict raised ammonia/sulphur costs; NBS rates are revised only twice a year. Key facts: DAP = 18% N + 46% P; MOP is 100% imported; balanced N:P:K ratio = 4:2:1. Related initiatives: PM-PRANAM, Nano Urea/Nano DAP, One Nation One Fertiliser (Bharat brand), Soil Health Cards.
9. As per ICAR, every â‚ą1 invested in agricultural research generates an estimated return of:
A. â‚ą5.20
B. â‚ą7.40
C. â‚ą10.50
D. â‚ą13.85
E. â‚ą18.00
View Answer
Explanation: Every â‚ą1 in agricultural research yields ~â‚ą13.85; every â‚ą1 in agricultural extension yields â‚ą7.40. Agri research contributed ~one-third of the increase in agricultural output value (2024-25). The Agricultural Research & Education Budget 2026-27 is â‚ą9,266 crore (up from â‚ą4,836 crore in 2014-15); 386 improved varieties were released in 2025 (94% climate-resilient, 29 biofortified). Concerns: ~73% of agri expenditure goes to subsidies/welfare; India’s R&D spend is only 0.6-0.7% of GDP. ANRF (Anusandhan National Research Foundation) was set up under the ANRF Act, 2023.
10. MoRD (through DAY-NRLM) signed a 3-year Non-Financial MoU with which organisation to strengthen Women-Led Enterprises via public procurement access?
A. UN Women
B. Project Concern International (PCI) India
C. SEWA
D. Grameen Foundation
E. BRAC India
View Answer
Explanation: The MoRD-PCI India MoU (2026-29) establishes a National Resource Cell within DAY-NRLM, develops incubation frameworks/SOPs, and trains SHGs on GeM onboarding, tenders, quality standards and compliance. Initial focus states (2026-27): Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UP. Under the Public Procurement Policy for MSEs, 2012: 25% procurement from MSEs, 3% reserved for women-owned and 4% for SC/ST-owned MSEs. DAY-NRLM has mobilised 10+ crore rural women; Lakhpati Didi target raised to 6 crore by 2029-30; Budget 2026-27 allocation â‚ą17,280 crore; SHE-Mart outlets under Lakhpati Didi 2.0.
11. President Murmu marked four years in office by launching several initiatives at Rashtrapati Bhavan. What does “RAAHI” stand for?
A. Rashtrapati Awas Heritage Initiative
B. Rashtrapati Bhavan Access and Heritage Interconnector
C. Republic Access and Heritage of India
D. Rashtriya Access to Heritage Institutions
E. Rashtrapati Archives and Heritage Index
View Answer
Explanation: RAAHI (Rashtrapati Bhavan Access and Heritage Interconnector) was among the initiatives launched — along with e-Audio Guide, e-Upahaar (3rd Edition), Bachpan ‘Bal Parisar’ and a Net Zero Energy Strategy. VP C.P. Radhakrishnan released five commemorative books on her tenure.
12. Tripura signed three MoUs with which institution to promote financial literacy, skill development and investment awareness (with the institution funding the programme)?
A. BSE
B. National Stock Exchange (NSE)
C. SEBI
D. SIDBI
E. NABARD
View Answer
Explanation: The Tripura-NSE MoUs cover investor awareness programmes, banking and capital market training, certification and industry engagement — NSE funds the programme while the State provides training infrastructure. Separately, the Central University of Kerala signed an MoU with the Indian Navy for maritime studies, AI, cybersecurity and ocean sciences research.
13. FSID, C-DOT and IISc Bengaluru signed an agreement to establish a Telecom Centre of Excellence — C-DOT’s ____ CoE — focusing on 5G, 6G, AI and quantum communication.
A. Third
B. Fourth
C. Fifth
D. Sixth
E. Seventh
View Answer
Explanation: The IISc CoE will be C-DOT’s fifth Centre of Excellence — focusing on 5G, 6G, AI, cybersecurity, quantum communication, prototype development, IP creation and industry-academia collaboration.
14. ADB approved a USD 850 million loan to support PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, helping India achieve what rooftop solar capacity target by FY27?
A. 20 GW
B. 25 GW
C. 30 GW
D. 40 GW
E. 50 GW
View Answer
Explanation: The ADB loan — Subprogram 2 of the Accelerating Affordable and Inclusive Rooftop Solar Systems Development Program — supports PMSG-MBY towards 30 GW rooftop solar by FY27, reducing 28.8 million tonnes of CO₂ emissions and expanding affordable solar access.
15. NVIDIA, Microsoft, IBM and 35+ tech companies launched which alliance to strengthen the security, transparency and resilience of AI systems?
A. Global AI Safety Coalition
B. Open Secure AI Alliance (OSAA)
C. AI Trust Consortium
D. Frontier AI Forum
E. Secure Compute Alliance
View Answer
Explanation: The OSAA promotes secure-by-design AI, common cybersecurity standards, information sharing on AI threats and industry-wide collaboration, launched following recent AI-related cyber incidents. Separately, the ACC appointed Satya Pal Kumar (2005-batch IRS) as Director of FIU-IND for five years, succeeding Pankaj Kumar Mishra.
16. The CCI-approved merger of Go Digit Infoworks with Go Digit General Insurance is the FIRST such merger under which law?
A. Companies Act, 2013
B. Insurance Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025
C. IBC, 2016
D. SEBI (Merger) Regulations, 2024
E. IRDAI Act, 1999
View Answer
Explanation: The CCI cleared the Go Digit Infoworks-Go Digit General Insurance merger — removing the holding company structure so shareholders hold shares directly in the insurer — the first such merger under the Insurance Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025. Separately, a new polypore fungus Microporellus kolhapurensis was discovered in Kolhapur, Maharashtra (published in Nelumbo, BSI’s journal).
17. World Nature Conservation Day (28 July) traces its origins to which 1972 event?
A. Ramsar Convention
B. UN Conference on the Human Environment
C. Earth Summit
D. CITES adoption
E. World Heritage Convention
View Answer
Explanation: World Nature Conservation Day (28 July) traces to the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm) and supports SDGs 13 (Climate Action), 14 (Life Below Water) and 15 (Life on Land).
18. The Delhi Government approved the “Delhi Lakshmi Yojana” providing what monthly assistance to eligible women aged 21-60 years?
A. â‚ą1,000
B. â‚ą1,500
C. â‚ą2,100
D. â‚ą2,500
E. â‚ą3,000
View Answer
Explanation: Delhi Lakshmi Yojana gives â‚ą2,500/month to eligible women (21-60 years, income/residency criteria) with a â‚ą5,110 crore budget for 2026-27; first instalment scheduled 28 August 2026. Separately, Chhattisgarh’s DWEEPTI Yojana targets 5,000 women-led solar enterprises, 50,000 green jobs and clean energy for 5 lakh families via Solar Didis.
19. LIC appointed whom as Executive Director (Finance & Accounts) and Chief Financial Officer, following the resignation of Sunil Agrawal?
A. Varadarajan Muthuvenkataraman
B. Shatmanyu Shrivastava
C. Siddhartha Mohanty
D. R. Doraiswamy
E. Dinesh Pant
View Answer
Explanation: LIC appointed Shatmanyu Shrivastava as ED (Finance & Accounts) and CFO; simultaneously, Varadarajan Muthuvenkataraman became ED (Enterprise Risk Management) and Chief Risk Officer.
20. As per RBI Ombudsman FY25 data, total complaints rose 13.55% to 1.33 million. Which city/UT recorded the HIGHEST complaint rate (over 4.5 times the national average)?
A. Delhi
B. Mumbai
C. Chandigarh
D. Bengaluru
E. Lucknow
View Answer
Explanation: Chandigarh recorded the highest complaint rate (4.5x+ the national average). Notably, for the FIRST time since FY21, private banks received more complaints than PSBs; NBFC complaints also rose. RBI Deputy Governor Swaminathan J urged regulated entities to strengthen Internal Ombudsman mechanisms, as many grievances reaching RBI had not been addressed internally first.
21. The Indian Navy launched “Machilipatnam (BY 529)” at Cochin Shipyard on 29 July 2026. It is the ____ of the eight Mahe-class ASW Shallow Water Craft.
A. Fifth
B. Sixth
C. Seventh
D. Eighth
E. Fourth
View Answer
Explanation: Machilipatnam (BY 529) — launched at CSL on 29 July 2026 — is the seventh of eight Mahe-class ASW-SWCs, named after the historic Andhra Pradesh port city, strengthening the Navy’s coastal anti-submarine warfare capabilities.
