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Context:
For the first time in decades, a wild tiger has permanently settled in Gujarat’s Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary, staying for nine continuous months. Gujarat now hosts all three big cats—Asiatic lion, Indian leopard, and tiger—within a shared natural landscape, a unique ecological milestone in India.
About Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary
Location:
- Dahod district, Central Gujarat, along the Gujarat–Madhya Pradesh border.
- Sloth bear habitat extends into Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh.
History:
- Declared a wildlife sanctuary in March 1982.
- Covers 65 sq km of reserve forests across 11 villages, with an interaction zone of 41 surrounding villages.
- Forests once belonged to the Devgadh Baria princely state.
Key Ecological Features
- Forest Types: Dry teak forests, mixed deciduous forests, Sadad & Timru patches, extensive dry bamboo brakes.
- Flora: High density of mahuda trees, a crucial food source for sloth bears.
- Fauna: Habitat for leopard, palm civet, four-horned antelope, langurs, sunbirds, green barbets, junglefowl, pit viper, and more.
- Sloth Bears: Highest population density in Gujarat, prime for behavioral studies.
- Topography: Rugged, hill-station-like environment attractive to wildlife and visitors.
