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Daily Current Affairs
30 & 31 December, 2025
1. Which of the following is a unique feature of the India–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA)?
A. Complete elimination of agricultural tariffs by India
B. Binding investment timelines with clawback provisions
C. Inclusion of nuclear cooperation
D. Common currency settlement mechanism
E. Mutual defence cooperation clause
Answer: B. Binding investment timelines with clawback provisions
Explanation: The India–New Zealand FTA is the first Indian FTA to include binding timelines and clawback provisions for investment commitments, ensuring accountability if promised FDI targets are not met.
2. INSV Kaundinya is best described as:
A. India’s first nuclear-powered naval vessel
B. A modern steel-hulled frigate
C. A stitched wooden sailing vessel inspired by Ajanta paintings
D. A submarine rescue vessel
E. A riverine patrol craft
Answer: C. A stitched wooden sailing vessel inspired by Ajanta paintings
Explanation: INSV Kaundinya is a reconstructed ancient-style stitched ship using plank-and-cord construction, inspired by 5th-century Ajanta cave depictions.
3. Which states formally joined Ayushman Bharat – PMJAY in 2025?
A. West Bengal and Telangana
B. Odisha and Delhi
C. Bihar and Jharkhand
D. Assam and Meghalaya
E. Punjab and Haryana
Answer: B. Odisha and Delhi
Explanation: In 2025, Odisha and Delhi formally joined AB-PMJAY, expanding the scheme’s national coverage.
4. Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary, recently declared an Eco-Sensitive Zone, is located in:
A. Madhya Pradesh
B. Bihar
C. Uttar Pradesh
D. Rajasthan
E. West Bengal
Answer: C. Uttar Pradesh
Explanation: The Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary is located in Gonda district of Uttar Pradesh and is also a Ramsar Wetland.
5. Batadrava Than, recently redeveloped and inaugurated, is associated with:
A. Buddhism
B. Shaivism
C. Shaktism
D. Neo-Vaishnavism (Ekasarana Dharma)
E. Jainism
Answer: D. Neo-Vaishnavism (Ekasarana Dharma)
Explanation: Batadrava Than was founded by Srimanta Sankardev and is the birthplace of the Neo-Vaishnavite movement in Assam.
6. India recently became the world’s ___ largest economy by GDP, surpassing which country?
A. 3rd – Germany
B. 4th – Japan
C. 5th – United Kingdom
D. 6th – France
E. 4th – United Kingdom
Answer: B. 4th – Japan
Explanation: India overtook Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy with a GDP of about USD 4.18 trillion.
7. According to RBI’s “Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2024–25”, which category accounted for the highest number of fraud cases?
A. Forex frauds
B. Advances-related frauds
C. KYC-related frauds
D. Card/Internet frauds
E. Cyber extortion
Answer: D. Card/Internet frauds
Explanation: Card and Internet frauds accounted for about 66.8% of total fraud cases by number, the highest among all categories.
8. Clause 124 of the proposed Securities Markets Code, 2025 relates to:
A. Merger of SEBI with RBI
B. Transfer of SEBI’s annual surplus to CFI
C. Abolition of SEBI’s General Fund
D. Direct budgetary control by Parliament
E. Creation of a market stabilisation fund
Answer: B. Transfer of SEBI’s annual surplus to CFI
Explanation: Clause 124 mandates that surplus funds of SEBI be transferred to the Consolidated Fund of India after maintaining a limited reserve, raising concerns over regulatory autonomy.
9. Special Situation Funds (SSFs), proposed to be included under SARFAESI Act, are regulated by:
A. RBI
B. Ministry of Finance
C. SEBI
D. IBBI
E. NABARD
Answer: C. SEBI
Explanation: SSFs are Category I Alternative Investment Funds regulated by SEBI and focus on distressed and stressed assets.
10. IS 19262:2025, recently released by the government, relates to:
A. Organic food certification
B. Drone usage in agriculture
C. Electric agricultural tractors
D. Bio-fertiliser standards
E. Solar irrigation pumps
Answer: C. Electric agricultural tractors
Explanation: IS 19262:2025 is India’s first dedicated quality and safety standard for electric agricultural tractors, promoting clean and sustainable farm mechanisation.
