Definition and Objectives of IPR
- IPR protects human creations, including innovations, literary works, designs, and symbols.
- It promotes innovation by granting creators exclusive rights.
- It encourages fair competition while balancing public interest.
- It protects traditional knowledge and cultural heritage.
Types of IPR
- Patents: Protection for inventions meeting novelty, non-obviousness, and industrial applicability.
- Copyrights: Rights over artistic, literary, and creative works.
- Trademarks: Distinctive signs or symbols identifying goods/services.
- Industrial Designs: Aesthetic and functional designs of products.
- Geographical Indications: Protection for products linked to specific regions.
- Trade Secrets: Confidential business information protected against unauthorized use.
International Conventions and Laws Governing IPR in India
- The Paris Convention (1883) and the Berne Convention (1886) govern international copyright protection.
- The Patent Cooperation Treaty (1970) simplifies global patent application processes.
- The Budapest Treaty ensures recognition of microorganism deposits in patent procedures.
- The Marrakesh Treaty facilitates access to published works for visually impaired persons.
India’s Performance in WIPO 2024 Intellectual Property Report
- India ranked 6th globally with 64,480 filings (+15.7% growth in 2023).
- Trademark Filings ranked 4th globally with a 6.1% increase in 2023.
- Industrial Designs: 36.4% growth in applications, emphasizing product innovation.
Government Initiatives
- National IPR Policy, 2016: A comprehensive framework to streamline IPR laws and procedures.
- KAPILA Program: Creates awareness among students and faculty about IP filing processes.
- Startup India: Encourages startups to innovate by providing IP support.
- ATAL Innovation Mission (AIM): Promotes problem-solving skills and entrepreneurship.
- Digital Modernization: Enhances IP processes by digitizing filings.
- SPRIHA Program: Strengthens academia’s role in IP awareness and research.
