Daily Current Affairs Quiz25 January, 2025 International Affairs 1. Myanmar Civil War Context: The raging conflict in Myanmar will feature prominently in discussions between visiting Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto and Prime Minister Narendra Modi during the India visit, sources said. Civil War Definition Background of the Present Civil War in Myanmar Current Situation The situation in Myanmar has escalated over the last year, with the military junta losing control over areas in Chin state, Rakhine, and the Sagaing region. Maungdaw near the Indo-Bangladesh frontier was the latest town to fall to the Arakan Army in December 2024. Effect of Myanmars Civil War on India India’s Legislative Framework for Refugees Dual Citizenship in India! UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ) Prelims Q. Consider the following pairs: (2016) Community sometimes mentioned in the news In the affairs of 1. Kurd Bangladesh 2. Madhesi Nepal 3. Rohingya Myanmar Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? (a) 1 and 2(b) 2 only(c) 2 and 3(d) 3 only Ans- (c) Mains Q. How does illegal transborder migration pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss the strategies to curb this, bringing out the factors which give impetus to such migration. (2014) 2. Sri Lanka Revokes Adani power Purchase Deal Context: Sri Lanka has revoked a 2024 power purchase pact with Adani Green Energy for a proposed wind power plant in the island’s Northern province following corruption allegations, news agency AFP reported. Key Findings: Background and Controversy Approved by the Ranil Wickremesinghe government in February 2023 the project was opposed by: Way Forward The revocation of the agreement signals Sri Lanka’s push toward more transparent and costefficient foreign investments. Of course the project is not canceled but rather the renewed examination highlights the governments efforts to align energy projects with national priorities as well as ensure fairness in investment processes. National Affairs 1. GSLV-F15 NV-S02 Mission Context: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is gearing up for the 100th launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, which is scheduled to take place on January 29, 2025 with the launch of the GSLV-F15 NVS-02 mission. Details about the Launch Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) A GTO is an elliptical orbit through which the satellite passes from geosynchronous transfer orbit into the geosynchronous orbit. About the NVS02 Satellite NavIC Indias Regional Navigation Satellite System Importance of the Mission Proba-3 Mission 2. Pralay Missile Context: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is set to showcase “Pralay”, an indigenous short-range quasi-ballistic missile, at the Republic Day parade in New Delhi on Sunday. Salient Features Agni-4 Missile by India 3. NITI Aayog’s Fiscal Health Index (FHI), 2025 Purpose of the Report The Fiscal Health Index (FHI) evaluates the fiscal performance of 18 major Indian states.It focuses on key indicators such as contribution to GDP, public expenditure, revenues and fiscal stability to assess statelevel fiscal health. Top Performing States Achievers Front Runners Moderate Performers Aspirational States Fiscal Health Index (FHI) 2025 – Methodology & Key Indicators Data Sources & Scope Five Major Sub-Indices & Their Minor Sub-Indices Major Sub-Index Minor Sub-Indices Purpose & Insights 1. Quality of Expenditure 1.1 Total Developmental Expenditure / Total Expenditure Measures proportion of budget spent on long-term economic growth & social services 1.2 Total Capital Outlay / GSDP Assesses how much of the state’s economic output is invested in infrastructure & long-term assets 2. Revenue Mobilisation 2.1 State Own Revenue / GSDP Indicates financial independence by measuring state-generated revenue vs. economic output 2.2 State Own Revenue / Total Expenditure Shows the extent to which the state’s expenditures are funded by its own revenue sources 3. Fiscal Prudence 3.1 Gross Fiscal Deficit / GSDP Evaluates borrowing levels relative to economic size, signaling potential debt sustainability concerns 3.2 Revenue Deficit / GSDP Highlights if the state is generating sufficient revenue to cover its operational costs 4. Debt Index 4.1 Interest Payments / Revenue Receipts Measures percentage of revenue receipts used for interest payments, assessing debt servicing capability 4.2 Outstanding Liabilities / GSDP Reflects overall debt burden in proportion to the state’s economic output 5. Debt Sustainability 5.1 Growth Rate of GSDP – Growth Rate of Interest Payments A positive gap suggests debt is manageable; a negative gap indicates fiscal stress Detailed Explanation of Key Indicators 1. Quality of Expenditure 2. Revenue Mobilisation 3. Fiscal Prudence 4. Debt Index 5. Debt Sustainability Key Takeaways Importance of the Report This report provides a guide for states to enhance the stability of their finances and efficiently use their resources to achieve sustainable economic growth. Source: The Hindu NITI Aayog 4. Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Context: Health activists and patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have refuted the Union government’s affidavit in the Kerala High Court and demanded urgent action to reduce the cost of medicines required for this genetic disorder. Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) SMA is a rare genetic disease causing weakness and wasting of muscles. The motor neurons that are found in the spinal cord and brainstem controlling the voluntary movements of the body get affected by this disorder. Spinal Muscular Atrophy Cases Related Issues in India According to available data, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) affects approximately one in every 7,744 live births in India, meaning around 3,200 babies are born with SMA each year in the country, this makes SMA a relatively rare but significantly impactful condition in India.  Major issues The main problem with SMA drugs in India is that they are too expensive, and most patients cannot afford the treatment, such as Zolgensma, which costs as much as 17 crores rupees for a single dose. 5. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Context: Alerts from three Pune hospitals to local authorities about a higher than-usual occurrence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), a rare but treatable autoimmune disease, blew up into an unprecedented cluster of 73 cases by almost trebling in four days from the initial 26 cases that caused alarm.  Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a very rare neurological condition. It happens when the immune system of a body attacks the peripheral