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The World Bank’s October 2026 Poverty and Equity Brief projects India’s poverty rate at the $4.2-a-day threshold to fall from 14.2 per cent in 2026 to 12.1 per cent by 2028 — though the pace of reduction is expected to moderate.
Context of the News
Key Highlights
Decline in Poverty in India
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- Poverty rate: Projected to decline from 14.2% in 2026 to 12.1% by 2028.
- Lower-middle-income poverty: Fell from 57.7% in 2011 to 16.1% in 2023, lifting an estimated 496 million people out of poverty.
- Extreme poverty: Declined from 27.1% in 2011 to 2.6% in 2023.
- Higher poverty threshold: Around 80% of India’s population remained below the upper-middle-income poverty line of $8.30 per person per day in 2023.
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World Bank Poverty Lines
| Poverty category | Daily poverty line |
|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | $3.00 |
| Lower-middle-income | $4.20 |
| Upper-middle-income | $8.30 |
Factors Behind Poverty Reductionmost asked
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- Rising Consumption: Improved household spending on essential goods and services.
- Employment Growth: Around 134 million additional people employed between 2017 and 2023.
- Welfare Support: Food subsidies and social transfers support low-income households.
- E-commerce Growth: Online shopping and quick-commerce services create jobs.
Rural–Urban Poverty Gap
| Area (2023) | Poverty rate |
|---|---|
| Rural India | 19.3% |
| Urban India | 8.6% |
