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Daily Current Affairs
9 October, 2025
1. What is the main objective of the Draft National Labour and Employment Policy, 2025 (Shram Shakti Niti)?
A) Promote only formal sector employment
B) Establish a universal and portable social security system
C) Increase working hours for informal workers
D) Privatize state welfare schemes
E) Limit women’s participation in the workforce
Answer: B) Establish a universal and portable social security system
Explanation: The policy aims to integrate major national and state-level welfare and employment databases (EPFO, ESIC, PM-JAY, e-SHRAM) to ensure portability of social security benefits across sectors and geographies.
2. Which framework is the Draft National Labour and Employment Policy based on?
A) 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
B) 3Ps – Protection, Productivity, Participation
C) 5Cs – Care, Commitment, Creativity, Collaboration, Competence
D) 4Ds – Discipline, Duty, Dignity, Development
E) 2Ts – Training, Technology
Answer: B) 3Ps – Protection, Productivity, Participation
Explanation: The policy is rooted in India’s ethos of śrama dharma and is based on the 3Ps framework to balance workers’ welfare with enterprise growth and sustainable livelihoods.
3. Who among the following was awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry?
A) Ahmed Zewail
B) Richard Robson
C) Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
D) Emmanuelle Charpentier
E) Jennifer Doudna
Answer: B) Richard Robson
Explanation: The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar Yaghi for developing Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) — ultra-porous materials with wide applications.
4. What is the purpose of RBI’s Unified Markets Interface (UMI)?
A) To replace UPI for retail payments
B) To tokenize financial assets and enable CBDC-based settlements
C) To offer loans to micro-enterprises
D) To manage only gold and silver investments
E) To provide AI-based customer support
Answer: B) To tokenize financial assets and enable CBDC-based settlements
Explanation: UMI is a digital infrastructure announced by RBI to improve efficiency, transparency, and security in financial transactions, supporting wholesale Central Bank Digital Currency settlements.
5. Which sectors are targeted for expanded pension coverage by PFRDA?
A) IT and telecom only
B) Agriculture, Self-Help Groups, and Gig workers
C) Formal corporate sector only
D) Banking sector employees
E) All government officials
Answer: B) Agriculture, Self-Help Groups, and Gig workers
Explanation: PFRDA plans to extend pensions to underserved sectors like farmers (via FPOs), SHGs, and gig/platform workers, leveraging fintech platforms for onboarding.
6. Which feature is included in RBI’s AI-based UPI Help?
A) Loan disbursal through UPI
B) Transaction status checks, complaint resolution, and mandate management
C) Physical cash withdrawal from ATMs
D) Gold trading
E) Cryptocurrency conversion
Answer: B) Transaction status checks, complaint resolution, and mandate management
Explanation: The AI-based UPI Help system uses NPCI’s Small Language Model (SLM) to assist users with payments, complaints, and mandates in the UPI ecosystem.
7. What is the key function of NPCI’s Credit Line on UPI (Clou)?
A) Block UPI transactions
B) Provide pre-approved credit through UPI
C) Convert UPI transactions to cash
D) Tokenize real estate assets
E) Issue debit cards
Answer: B) Provide pre-approved credit through UPI
Explanation: Clou allows users, especially new-to-credit segments, to access a pre-approved credit line directly via their UPI app. It leverages digital payment footprints for credit assessment.
8. What is a unique feature of Aditya Birla Capital’s “SimpliFi”?
A) Blockchain-based cryptocurrency trading
B) AI-powered personal finance assistant with health insurance decoding
C) Real-time stock exchange trading
D) Automated bank account opening
E) Instant home loan approval
Answer: B) AI-powered personal finance assistant with health insurance decoding
Explanation: SimpliFi provides personalized insights for financial planning, investment tracking, and health insurance management, including decoding any policy instantly.
9. What is the main advantage of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (DDSR) technology promoted by KisanKraft?
A) Requires more water than traditional methods
B) Reduces methane emissions and water use, lowers cost
C) Only suitable for high-rainfall areas
D) Produces lower yield than transplanted rice
E) Increases pesticide use
Answer: B) Reduces methane emissions and water use, lowers cost
Explanation: DDSR grows rice on dry soil without puddling, saving 50–60% water, reducing methane emissions, lowering input costs, and maintaining comparable yields to traditional methods.
10. Which method is promoted under Kerala’s low-emission rice-based farming initiative?
A) Transplanting rice seedlings in flooded fields
B) Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) technology
C) Mono-cropping without rotation
D) Use of chemical-intensive rice farming
E) Only hybrid rice varieties
Answer: B) Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) technology
Explanation: Kerala’s initiative aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, save water, and improve climate resilience by promoting AWD, a low-emission rice cultivation method.
