RBI Grade BNABARD ESISEBI
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The Central Government notified that the Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 2026 — which received Presidential assent on 13 August 2026 — will come into force from 1 October 2026.
Context
What It Is
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- A statutory framework governing the admissibility, certification and legal validity of bank records and accounts as prima facie evidence in court
- Without requiring production of original physical registers
- It replaces a 135-year-old law — the Bankers’ Books Evidence Act, 1891
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Aim
- Establish a technology-neutral regime for digital, virtual and cloud-based financial data
- Streamline dispute resolution
- Enhance Ease of Doing Business
Five Key Features
- Technology-neutral recognition — covers physical ledgers, electronic media, digital entries, virtual environments and cloud storage systems
- Simplified certification — accepts verification through manual, digital or electronic signatures
- Integrity conditions for admissibility — digital copies must be true representations or extractions, show no unauthorised data alterations, and show no system tampering affecting data integrity
- Statutory definition of “special cause” — bank officials cannot be routinely summoned, nor original books compelled, where the bank is not a party, unless the court records a special cause in writing
- Scope expansion — retains coverage of commercial banks and Post Office Savings Banks, while empowering the Central Government to extend the Act to NBFCs, fintechs and other financial institutions by notification
