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Daily Current Affairs
23 September, 2025
1. The Supreme Court of India recently reaffirmed secularism as a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. Which of the following is NOT a key feature of Indian secularism?
A) Equal treatment of all religions
B) State neutrality in religious matters
C) Freedom of religion under Articles 25–28
D) Preferential treatment to majority religion
E) Protection of minority rights
Answer:— D) Preferential treatment to majority religion
Explanation: Indian secularism ensures that the state treats all religions equally and does not give preferential treatment to any religion. It also protects minority rights and maintains state neutrality.
2. Which case established the Basic Structure Doctrine in India?
A) Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975)
B) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
C) Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980)
D) Golaknath v. State of Punjab (1967)
E) S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994)
Answer:— B) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
Explanation: The Kesavananda Bharati case established the Basic Structure Doctrine, stating that certain features of the Constitution like secularism, democracy, and fundamental rights cannot be amended by Parliament.
3. Which state had the highest number of polluted river stretches (PRS) in the CPCB 2023 report?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Maharashtra
C) Kerala
D) Uttar Pradesh
E) Karnataka
Answer:— B) Maharashtra
Explanation: Maharashtra had the highest number of PRS in 2023 with 54 stretches, indicating significant river pollution in the state.
4. Which Gram Panchayat won the Gold Award for National Awards for e-Governance 2025?
A) Suakati, Odisha
B) Palsana, Gujarat
C) West Majlishpur, Tripura
D) Rohini, Maharashtra
E) None of the above
Answer:— D) Rohini, Maharashtra
Explanation: Rohini Gram Panchayat in Maharashtra received the Gold Award for implementing a fully paperless e-Office system and providing 1,027 online services.
5. SEBI recently proposed changes in the Technical Glitch Framework for stockbrokers. Which of the following brokers will now be excluded?
A) Brokers providing internet trading with more than 10,000 clients
B) Brokers facing malfunctions affecting clients materially
C) Brokers providing internet trading with less than 10,000 clients
D) Brokers not using electronic trading platforms
E) Both C and D
Answer:— E) Both C and D
Explanation: Small brokers with less than 10,000 clients and those not providing internet trading platforms are now excluded from SEBI’s technical glitch compliance framework.
6. What is the minimum capital requirement for a platform to operate as an NBFC-P2P lending entity in India?
A) â‚ą50 lakh
B) â‚ą1 crore
C) â‚ą2 crore
D) â‚ą5 crore
E) â‚ą10 crore
Answer:— C) â‚ą2 crore
Explanation: RBI mandates a minimum capital of â‚ą2 crore before issuing the Certificate of Registration for NBFC-P2P lending platforms.
7. In the Baroda BNP Paribas Mutual Fund merger, which fund is being merged into the Short Duration Fund?
A) Equity Advantage Fund
B) Banking & PSU Bond Fund
C) Global Opportunities Fund
D) Dynamic Income Fund
E) Corporate Bond Fund
Answer:— B) Banking & PSU Bond Fund
Explanation: The Banking & PSU Bond Fund is being merged into the Short Duration Fund, simplifying fund management and offering unitholders a choice to exit within 30 days.
8. What does the RBI’s P2P lending regulations emphasize regarding borrower and lender funds?
A) Platforms can use them for other investments
B) Funds must go through registered bank accounts via escrow
C) No need for segregated accounts
D) Can be used for operational expenses
E) Can be disbursed without documentation
Answer:— B) Funds must go through registered bank accounts via escrow
Explanation: RBI mandates that all loan disbursals and repayments must go through bank accounts of registered lenders and borrowers via escrow accounts to ensure transparency and safety.
9. According to NABARD’s Rural Sentiment Survey (September 2025), what percentage of rural households expect income improvement in the next quarter?
A) 45.2%
B) 51.6%
C) 56.4%
D) 60.1%
E) 72.8%
Answer:— B) 51.6%
Explanation: Short-term rural optimism declined, with only 51.6% expecting income improvement in the next quarter, down from 56.4% in July 2025.
10. The Maitri 2.0 programme between India and Brazil focuses on:
A) Cultural exchange programmes
B) Space technology collaboration
C) Agritech innovation and sustainable agriculture
D) Defence and security partnerships
E) Tourism development
Answer:— C) Agritech innovation and sustainable agriculture
Explanation: Maitri 2.0 is designed to promote collaboration between Indian and Brazilian innovators, startups, and institutions in agritech, focusing on sustainable agriculture, digital technologies, and resilient food systems.
