Daily Current Affairs Quiz
28&29 September, 2025
National Affairs
1. Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) Gains UNESCO Recognition
Source: IE
Context:
India’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) in Himachal Pradesh has been included in UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR).
Key Highlights:
- The inclusion was part of 26 new biosphere reserves across 21 countries, the largest addition in 20 years.
- With this, India now has 13 biosphere reserves listed in the WNBR.
- Decision taken at the 37th session of UNESCO’s International Coordinating Council of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) in Paris.
Location & Area
- Spread across 7,770 sq km in Lahaul-Spiti district, Himachal Pradesh.
- Part of the Trans-Himalayan region, including:
- Spiti Wildlife Division
- Lahaul Forest Division areas: Baralacha Pass, Bharatpur, Sarchu
- Integrates:
- Pin Valley National Park
- Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary
- Chandratal Wetland
- Sarchu plains
UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR)
- Established under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme in 1971.
- Objective: Promote sustainable development by integrating conservation, research, education, and community participation.
- Serves as a global platform for sharing knowledge, research, and best practices in biodiversity conservation and sustainable resource management.
2. Ethambutol Hydrochloride
Source: TH
Context:
India has initiated an anti-dumping investigation into imports of Ethambutol Hydrochloride, a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
What is Ethambutol Hydrochloride?
- Chemical nature: Ethambutol Hydrochloride is a first-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug.
- Use: It is used as part of combination therapy to treat tuberculosis, preventing the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Why India Initiated the Anti-Dumping Investigation?
- Objective: To check whether imported Ethambutol Hydrochloride is being sold at below-market or unfairly low prices (i.e., dumped) in India.
- Reason: Dumping can hurt domestic manufacturers, threaten local production, and affect drug security for TB treatment.
3. Ganga River Experiencing Worst Dry Spell in 1,300 Years
Source: Economic Times
Context:
The Ganga River supports over 600 million people and contributes around 40% of India’s GDP. Recent studies indicate an unprecedented decline in river flow since the 1990s.
About Ganga River
- Origin: Gangotri Glacier, Uttarakhand.
- Length: ~2,525 km.
- Basin Area: ~1,08,000 sq km in India; 252,000 sq km including Nepal and Bangladesh.
- Significance: Supports over 600 million people, contributes ~40% of India’s GDP, crucial for agriculture, industry, and drinking water.
Key Findings:
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Methodology | – Streamflow reconstruction using tree -ring data (Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas) and hydrological models. – Validated against historical droughts, famines, and modern observations. |
| Key Findings | – Post-1990s droughts are more frequent and severe than any in the past 1,300 years. – 2004–2010 drought ranks as the worst in over a millennium. – Post-1990s drying ~76% more intense than 16th-century drought. |
| Causes | – Weaker summer monsoons due to Indian Ocean warming and aerosol pollution. – Groundwater depletion, reducing baseflows. – Land-use changes and increased human water consumption. |
| Implications | – Water security threat for 600+ million people in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. – Agriculture, irrigation, and livelihoods severely affected. – Reveals limitations of current global climate models in predicting regional drying. |
| Recommendations | – Adopt adaptive water management policies considering natural and anthropogenic factors. – Strengthen river basin management and sustainable water-use practices. – Enhance climate and hydrological models for accurate forecasting. |
3. AstroSat Completes 10 Years
Source: IE
Date of Launch: September 28, 2015
Operator: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Mission Type: Multi-wavelength space observatory
Orbit: Near-equatorial, low Earth orbit
Instruments: UVIT (Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope), LAXPC (Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter), CZTI (Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager), SXT (Soft X-ray Telescope)
Mission Duration: Planned for 5 years; currently operational beyond 10 years
Key Highlights
Launch Details: AstroSat was launched aboard the PSLV-C30 rocket from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre on September 28, 2015.
Scientific Contributions: Over the past decade, AstroSat has enabled significant discoveries in astrophysics, including observations of distant galaxies, black holes, and neutron stars across ultraviolet, visible, and X-ray wavelengths.
4. Digital Competition Law
Source: Mint
Context:
India is exploring a standalone Digital Competition Act to regulate Big Tech with upfront rules of conduct, rather than relying solely on the Competition Act, 2002 which acts only after breaches occur.
Key Highlights:
- Targeted Firms: Large technology platforms like Google, Meta, Amazon, and major domestic tech companies.
- Focus Areas:
- Use of consumer data
- Treatment of smaller competitors
- Maintaining fair competition for startups
- Segments covered: search, social networking, e-commerce, operating systems, cloud services
Policy Approach:
- Ex-ante / Pre-emptive Regulation: Rules are forecast-based, specifying ‘dos and don’ts’ upfront.
- Financial and market thresholds will identify companies capable of influencing markets.
- Aims to prevent dominance from being established before regulators can intervene.
- Alternative Approach: Adding a new chapter to the existing Competition Act, 2002, but this is less preferred as it acts post-breach and is considered too slow for digital markets.
5. Ivermectin
Context:
- Global malaria deaths in 2023: ~6 lakh, 95% in Africa.
- India has achieved >80% reduction in malaria cases in the past decade, but some districts in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Northeast India still face persistent transmission.
- Renewed interest in mass administration of endectocides, particularly ivermectin, as a vector-control measure.
What is Ivermectin?
- Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug used to treat infections caused by parasites, including river blindness (onchocerciasis), lymphatic filariasis, scabies, and intestinal strongyloidiasis.
- It works by paralyzing and killing parasites through interference with their nervous system.
- It is available in oral, topical, and injectable forms, depending on the condition being treated.
Banking/Finance
1. India’s Shift Towards a Diversified Credit Ecosystem
Context:
India’s financial system is witnessing a gradual yet profound transformation. While banks remain central to credit delivery, non-bank financial channels — including NBFCs, corporate bonds, equity, and foreign capital — are playing an increasingly important role. Regulatory reforms, digital infrastructure, and evolving borrower preferences are accelerating this shift.
The Role of NBFCs:
| Category | Details / Examples |
|---|---|
| Lending Growth | – NBFC loans reached ₹6.1 lakh crore (20% YoY increase). – Crucial for MSMEs, semi-urban, and underserved segments. |
| Key Advantages | – Flexible product design and repayment terms. – Strong local presence and contextual understanding. – Use of alternative data and AI for thin-file customers. – Digital channels enable faster, tailored lending. |
| Funding Diversification | – Access to corporate bonds, securitisation, co-lending partnerships, and external borrowings. – Innovations include first-loss default guarantees, API-led digital co-lending, and retail participation in loan pools. |
| Regulatory Support | – Rollback of higher risk weights on bank lending to NBFCs lowered borrowing costs. – Enabled competitive expansion of lending portfolios. |
Forward-Looking Reforms and Embedded Finance:
- RBI open tap bank licensing policy:
- Continuous applications for new bank licenses
- Encourages entry of specialized banks (small finance, digital-first)
- Enhances collaboration between banks, NBFCs, and fintechs
- Embedded finance:
- Lending integrated into platforms (e-commerce, mobility, logistics, government digital frameworks)
- Combines branch-led trust with digital efficiency
- Strengthens alternative credit delivery mechanisms
Implications for the Financial System:
- Diversification: Non-bank channels complement banks, making credit delivery more resilient.
- Access and Inclusion: Expands reach to underserved and thin-file borrowers.
- Innovation and Efficiency: Digital lending, AI underwriting, and embedded finance improve speed, customization, and risk management.
- MSME and Consumer Credit Support: Ensures steady credit flows even during banking sector slowdowns.
2. BNPL (Buy-Now-Pay-Later) Platforms
Source: TOI
Context:
RBI has directed Bengaluru-based BNPL firm Simpl to shut its payments operations immediately.
Reason: Operating a payment system without RBI authorisation, which violates the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007.
Background on BNPL Regulation
- BNPL (Buy-Now-Pay-Later) platforms have rapidly grown in India, offering instant credit to consumers and smooth checkout solutions for merchants.
- RBI’s concerns include:
- Unsecured lending risks
- Weak regulatory oversight
- Poor consumer protection
- 2022 Ruling: BNPL firms were barred from topping up prepaid payment instruments using borrowed funds, bringing them closer to digital lending regulations.
BNPL (Buy-Now-Pay-Later)
BNPL is a financial service that allows consumers to purchase goods or services immediately and pay for them in instalments over time, often without interest for a short period.
How it works
- A customer selects a product at an online or offline store.
- At checkout, they choose the BNPL option.
- The BNPL provider pays the merchant upfront.
- The customer repays the provider in equal instalments (weekly, monthly, or per agreed schedule).
RBI Important Acts for BNPL
| Regulation / Act | Applicability to BNPL Providers |
|---|---|
| Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 | Grants RBI authority to regulate both banking and non-banking financial institutions. |
| Banking Regulation Act, 1949 | Applicable if the BNPL provider functions as a bank. |
| NBFC Regulations | Applicable if the BNPL provider operates as an NBFC: • RBI (NBFC) Directions • Digital Lending Guidelines, 2022 (under RBI supervisory powers over NBFCs and digital lenders). |
| Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 | Applicable if the BNPL provider issues prepaid payment instruments (PPIs). |
3. NaBFID Partners with World Bank & ADB for $1 Billion Credit Enhancement Facility
Source: Mint
Context:
NaBFID (National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development) is collaborating with the World Bank and Asian Development Bank (ADB) to set up a $1 billion risk-sharing facility.
Purpose of Facility:
- Introduce credit enhancement products such as partial credit guarantees.
- Support infrastructure companies with ‘BBB’ to ‘A’ credit ratings, helping them:
- Enhance credit profiles
- Reduce borrowing costs
- Access the bond market on favourable terms
Regulatory Context:
- RBI’s Limit Rule:
- Suppose an AIF scheme = ₹1,000 crore total size.
- 20% cap rule: All RBI-regulated entities together (banks, NBFCs, etc.) can invest maximum ₹200 crore in that scheme.
- 10% per entity rule: A single bank/NBFC cannot invest more than ₹100 crore in that ₹1,000 crore scheme.
- Backing from multilateral agencies expands NaBFID’s ability to issue partial credit guarantees beyond this cap.
Strategic Importance:
- Addresses India’s infrastructure financing gap (over 5% of GDP).
- Encourages private capital participation, given insurance and pension funds currently allocate only 6% of portfolios to infrastructure.
- Helps corporates reduce borrowing costs, particularly on long-term projects with high capital requirements.
4. Multi-Commodity Exchange of India (MCX) & Gold and Silver Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs)
Context:
India Bullion & Jewellers Association (IBJA) urges regulators to allow Indian-refined gold and silver bars (“India Good Delivery”) for:
- Multi-Commodity Exchange of India (MCX) contracts
- Gold and silver exchange-traded funds (ETFs)
About MCX
- Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. (MCX): India’s largest commodity derivatives exchange, regulated by SEBI.
- Provides nationwide trading in commodity futures like bullion, energy, base metals, and agri-commodities.
- Headquartered in Mumbai, plays a key role in price discovery and risk management for commodities.
Current Scenario:
- MCX: Allows delivery of 100g Indian-made gold bars but not for 1kg benchmark contracts.
- ETFs: Backed by LBMA-approved imported bars.
- Indian Good Delivery Bars: Refined in BIS- and NABL-approved facilities, quality comparable to LBMA bars.
Gold & Silver ETFs in India
What are ETFs?
- Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Marketable securities traded on stock exchanges, just like shares.
- They track the price of an underlying asset (e.g., gold, silver, equity index).
- Provide diversification, transparency, and liquidity to investors.
Gold ETFs
- Introduced in India: 2007.
- Backed by physical gold, stored with SEBI-approved custodians.
- Each unit usually represents 1 gram of gold.
- Prices are linked to domestic gold rates, adjusted for fund expenses.
Silver ETFs
- Introduced in India: 2021 (SEBI permitted AMCs to launch them).
- Backed by physical silver, eliminating storage/impurity risks of physical silver.
- Units represent a fixed quantity of silver, held in demat form.
5. National Pension System (NPS) Reforms
Source: FE
Context:
The National Pension System (NPS), which became available for the non-government sector in 2009, has evolved over the last 16 years, and today it is considered one of the most reliable retirement investment options.
Objective: Reduce rigidity, expand investor choice, and make NPS more appealing, especially to private-sector employees and optional subscribers.
Major Reforms:
- Equity Investment Flexibility:
- Non-government employees can invest 100% in equities if they wish.
- Pension fund managers can offer bespoke portfolios:
- Debt-heavy for near-retirement investors to protect principal.
- Equity-heavy for early-stage investors to maximize long-term capital gains.
- Lump-Sum Withdrawal Cap Increased:
- Current cap: 60%
- New cap: 80%
- Remaining 20% retained for annuity purchases.
- Reduces the deterrent of having a large portion locked up, enhancing scheme attractiveness.
- Enhanced Customization:
- Portfolios can be tailored for different investor segments, addressing one-size-fits-all limitations.
Benefits:
- Higher Potential Returns: With India’s growing economy, equities may outperform debt instruments over the long term.
- Cost Efficiency: NPS charges lower fees than mutual funds, adding to long-term gains.
- Tax Incentives:
- Investments up to ₹50,000 annually qualify for income tax exemption under the old regime.
Challenges / Tax Wrinkles:
- Annual NPS exemption currently applies only under the old income tax regime; uncertainty arises if India moves entirely to the new system.
- Lump-sum withdrawal tax exemption remains capped at 60%, whereas the withdrawal limit has been raised to 80%.
- Need for alignment between NPS rules and tax regulations to avoid confusion.
6. SBI Card & IndiGo Co-Branded Credit Card
Source: ET
Context:
Domestic carrier IndiGo on Thursday announced the launch of a co-branded premium credit card in collaboration with SBI Card, offering a host of benefits to the customers of the two companies.
Program: Part of IndiGo BluChip loyalty program
Card Variants:
- IndiGo SBI Card – Standard variant
- IndiGo SBI Card ELITE – Premium variant
Platform Availability:
- MasterCard
- Rupay
7. NPS vs UPS
Context:
- Only 1.37% of eligible staff opted for UPS as of July 2025 (Finance Ministry, Lok Sabha).
- Deadline: September 30, 2025, for central government employees to opt between NPS or Unified Pension Scheme (UPS).
- Decision hinges on risk appetite, retirement goals, and preference for assured payouts vs market-linked growth.
National Pension System (NPS)
- Launched 2004, for employees joining after Jan 1, 2004.
- Market-linked retirement savings plan investing in equities, corporate bonds, and government securities.
- No guaranteed returns, but higher growth potential.
Key Features:
- Flexible investment allocation as per risk appetite.
- At retirement, up to 60% of corpus tax-free; remaining used to purchase annuity.
- Portable across jobs.
Pros:
- Higher long-term growth potential.
- Tax benefits: Sections 80C, 80CCD(1), plus extra Rs 50,000 under 80CCD(1B).
- Suitable for risk-tolerant investors.
Cons:
- Returns depend on market performance, may fluctuate.
- Pension not guaranteed; depends on corpus value at retirement.
Unified Pension Scheme (UPS)
- Notified January 2025, effective April 1, 2025.
- Blends features of Old Pension Scheme with NPS.
- Regulated by PFRDA; offers assured payouts for employees with ≥10 years of service.
Key Features:
- Guaranteed pension: 50% of average basic pay after 25 years of service.
- Minimum pension: Rs 10,000/month.
- Family pension: 60% for spouse.
- Inflation-linked dearness relief and lump-sum benefits (10% of emoluments per six months served).
Pros:
- Predictable income; protection against market volatility.
- Suitable for risk-averse employees.
Cons:
- Less flexibility; growth limited if markets perform well.
- Cannot benefit fully from equity returns like NPS.
Eligibility & Switching Rules
- Employees joining April–August 2025 can switch from NPS → UPS.
- Those already in UPS may revert to NPS:
- Only up to one year before superannuation
- Or 3 months before voluntary retirement
- Provided no disciplinary issues
Tax Treatment
| Scheme | Employee Contribution | Employer Contribution | Withdrawals | Pension Taxability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPS | Deduction under 80CCD(1) | Government: 80CCD(2) | 60% tax-free; rest used for annuity | Taxable as income (annuity portion) |
| UPS | Same as NPS | Same as NPS | 60% similar; excess taxed as salary | Pension taxable as income |
Which One to Choose?
| Factor | NPS | UPS |
|---|---|---|
| Risk Appetite | High, can handle market volatility | Low, prefers guaranteed income |
| Returns | Potentially higher, market-linked | Fixed, predictable, inflation-linked |
| Flexibility | High, investment allocation control | Low, fixed benefits |
| Suitability | Younger employees, long investment horizon | Risk-averse, nearing retirement, prefer certainty |
8. Life Insurance Industry Plans to Pass GST ITC Impact to Distributors
Source: BS
Context:
Following the nil GST on individual life and health insurance premiums announced by the GST Council, life insurers face a financial impact due to the removal of Input Tax Credit (ITC). The Life Insurance Council, representing insurers, plans to approach IRDAI to pass part of this burden to distributors by reducing commissions.
Rationale:
- To protect margins of insurers while maintaining affordability for policyholders.
- To accommodate differences in commission structures across insurers and distributors, a uniform approach may be challenging.
GST & ITC Background
- GST Council exempted all individual life insurance and health insurance policies (including term, ULIPs, endowment, family floater, and senior citizen plans) from GST.
- This exemption aims to:
- Boost insurance affordability.
- Expand insurance penetration across India.
Input Tax Credit (ITC)
Input Tax Credit (ITC) allows businesses to reduce the tax they have paid on inputs (goods or services purchased) from the tax they are required to pay on their outward supplies (sales). In simple terms, ITC ensures that tax is levied only on the value addition at each stage, preventing tax-on-tax (cascading effect).
Example:
If an insurer pays GST on services like agent commissions, office rent, or IT systems, they can normally claim credit for this GST against their output GST liability.
ITC Implications:
- Denial of ITC on commissions paid to agents (18% GST) increases costs for insurers.
- While reinsurance services remain exempt from GST, ITC on other inputs for individual policies is not available, affecting the cost-benefit transfer to policyholders.
- Despite ITC removal, insurers passed the nil GST benefit to customers starting Sept 22, 2025.
9. RBI Introduces Forward-Looking Guidelines on Digital Payment Authentication
Source: News on Air
Context:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has released new guidelines for authentication of digital payment transactions. The move aims to enhance security, strengthen consumer trust, and promote financial inclusion amid rising digital payment volumes and growing fraud concerns.
Key Features of the Guidelines
- Move Beyond SMS OTPs: Traditional SMS-based one-time passwords will no longer be the sole authentication method.
- Advanced Authentication Options:
- Biometrics (fingerprint, face recognition)
- Device identity checks
- Behavioural signals (e.g., transaction patterns, usage behaviour)
- AI-driven risk-based authentication tailored to transaction context
- Technology-Agnostic Approach: Issuers and regulated entities can adopt flexible authentication methods without being limited to a specific technology.
- Enhanced Security for Vulnerable Users: First-time digital users, particularly in semi-urban and rural areas, will benefit from stronger safeguards against fraud.
Implications
- For Consumers: Safer and seamless transactions; reduced risk of phishing and fraud.
- For Payment Issuers: Flexibility to adopt modern authentication methods; enhanced operational resilience.
- For the Digital Ecosystem: Encourages financial inclusion and sets global standards for secure digital payments.
10. SWIFT and Global Banks Collaborate on Instant Cross-Border Payments
Context:
SWIFT, the global financial messaging network, and over 30 international banks have launched an initiative to make cross-border payments instantaneous. The collaboration aims to modernize international bank transactions using blockchain technology and support new forms of digital money.
Key Features of the Initiative
- Blockchain-Based Shared Ledger:
- Banks will use a secure, real-time distributed ledger to record, sequence, and validate transactions.
- Smart contracts will enforce rules automatically, improving efficiency and reducing errors.
- Real-Time 24/7 Payments:
- Cross-border payments can be made instantly instead of taking several days.
- Potential for lower transaction costs compared to traditional payment systems.
- Support for New Forms of Digital Money:
- Integration with stablecoins, tokenized bank deposits, and central bank digital currencies (CBDCs).
- Ensures interoperability with emerging digital payment systems globally.
- Global Reach:
- SWIFT network connects 11,000+ banks across 200+ countries, handling trillions of dollars daily.
- Initiative leverages this existing infrastructure while adding blockchain functionality.
Participating Institutions
- Major global banks involved include:
- JPMorgan, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, MUFG, BNP Paribas, Santander, OCBC
- Banks from the Middle East and Africa are also participating.
- Collaboration aims to design and build the shared digital ledger collectively.
Agriculture
1. India to Set Up 5 Modern Seed Breeding Facilities
Source: Mint
Context:
The Government of India plans to establish five modern seed breeding facilities at ICAR institutes to accelerate the development of high-yielding, disease-resistant, and climate-resilient crop varieties. This will expand the number of such facilities from two to seven by FY26.
What is Seed Breeding Technology?
- A process where seeds are bred under controlled environments (temperature, light, humidity, and day length) to fast-track crop development.
- Impact: Enables multiple crop generations per year (up to four), compared to 1–2 under natural conditions.
- Breeding Cycle Reduction: Shortened from 6–10 years to 2–3 years, helping farmers access improved seeds faster.
Proposed Centres
The new facilities will be developed at:
- CICR, Nagpur – Cotton
- IIRR, Hyderabad – Rice
- IARI, New Delhi – Multiple crops
- IIAB, Ranchi – Agricultural biotechnology
- IIMR, Ludhiana – Maize
(Existing: Indian Institute of Mustard Research, Bharatpur & CSSRI, Karnal).
Facts To Remember
1. India Wins Asia Cup 2025
Riding on Tilak Varma’s incredible half-century, fancied India beat Pakistan by five wickets in the summit showdown to win their second Asia Cup title in the T20 format in Dubai.
2. First bullet train section to be completed by 2027
India’s first bullet train project is progressing steadily, with the initial 50-km stretch between Surat and Bilimora in Gujarat set to open in 2027, Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced. The entire Mumbai–Ahmedabad corridor is expected to be operational by 2029.
3. Dubai HDFC Bank barred from onboarding new clients
HDFC Bank has been barred from onboarding new customers at its Dubai International Financial Centre branch by the local regulator.
4. Sheetal, Toman provide golden sheen as India wins five medals
The 18-year-old Indian Sheetal Devi scripted history by becoming the first woman armless archer to win the World championship gold in the compound individual section, and Toman Kumar replicated the title run in the corresponding men’s event as India claimed five medals at the Para World Archery Championships.
5. Bhairabi wins triple jump amid chaos
Bhairabi Roy overcame a venue-related confusion to claim the women’s triple jump title while National record holder pole vaulter Dev Meena finished a disappointing third on the rain-battered opening day of the National Open athletics championships at the Birsa Munda Stadium, Morabadi.
6. India’s Shailesh sets championship record
India began its medal dreams in earnest, winning a gold, silver and bronze each on the opening day of the World Para Athletics Championships.
7. ‘Govt. aims to integrate Ayurveda into schools’
The government aims to integrate Ayurveda into the health education curriculum in schools and colleges, Ayush Minister Prataprao Jadhav has said.
8. Manhas elected BCCI chief
Mithun Manhas, the former Delhi captain, formally took over as the 37th president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) during its 94th annual general meeting (AGM) here.
9. Anushka adds another gold to her kitty; Adriyan clinches sliver
Anushka Thokur came up with a sterling fare to beat Anastasiia Sorokina by 6.1 points to clinch the 50-metre rifle 3-position gold in the Junior World Cup at the Dr. Karni Singh Range, Tughlakabad.
10. Shirish Chandra Murmu appointed RBI Deputy Governor
The government has appointed Shirish Chandra Murmu as a deputy governor of the Reserve Bank of India, according to a government notice.
11. India Calls for UN Reform at 80th UNGA Session
India expressed readiness to take greater responsibilities at the UN. External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar addressed the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York.
12. Over 1,300 Stations Being Redeveloped Under Amrit Bharat Station Scheme
India’s railway reforms in the last decade have ignited a revolution on tracks, transforming the nation’s lifeline into a powerhouse of progress. Under the Modi government, Indian Railways has been transformed to provide more comfortable, safer and world-class travel experience to passengers.
13. World Food India 2025
World Food India 2025 concluded in New Delhi with investment commitments exceeding one lakh crore rupees, marking one of the largest announcements in India’s food processing sector.
14. Nation pays homage to revolutionary freedom fighter Bhagat Singh on his 118th birth anniversary today
The nation pays homage to revolutionary freedom fighter Bhagat Singh on his 118th birth anniversary today. It was on this day in 1907, Bhagat Singh was born in the village of Banga in Lyallpur district of Punjab, now in Pakistan.
